Molecular mechanisms of neural crest cell attachment and migration on types I and IV collagen

We have examined the mechanisms involved in the interaction of avian neural crest cells with collagen types I and IV (Col I and IV) during their adhesion and migration in vitro. For this purpose native Col IV was purified from chicken tissues, characterized biochemically and ultrastructurally. Purified chicken Col I and Col IV, and various proteolytic fragments of the collagens, were used in quantitative cell attachment and migration assays in conjunction with domain-specific collagen antibodies and antibodies to avian integrin subunits. Neural crest cells do not distinguish between different macromolecular arrangements of Col I during their initial attachment, but do so during their migration, showing a clear preference for polymeric Col I. Interaction with Col I is mediated by the α1β1 integrin, through binding to a segment of the α1(I) chain composed of fragment CNBr3. Neural crest cell attachment and migration on Col IV involves recognition of conformation-dependent sites within the triple-helical region and the noncollagenous, carboxyl-terminal NC1 domain. This recognition requires integrity of inter- and intrachain disulfide linkages and correct folding of the molecule. Moreover, there also is evidence that interaction sites within the NC1 domain may be cryptic, being exposed during migration of the cells in the intact collagen as a result of the prolonged cell-substratum contact. In contrast to Col I, neural crest cell interaction with Col IV is mediated by β1-class integrins other than α1β1

Automatic content backup and allocation to native applications

This disclosure describes techniques to automatically prioritize backup of content on a user device and matching of such content with appropriate software applications. The techniques described enable automatic detection and backup of user generated and other content. With user permission and express consent, new content is detected, classified and matched to a suitable application. Backup of different content is prioritized based on factors such as file size and recency, importance of the file to a user, availability of the file from other sources, and quality of the available network connection

Dependent Types: Level Up Your Types

Dependent types make types into first-class language constructs and ensure type safety depending on values and not only types. They help to get rid of all unit tests because dependent types require a proof that a function behaves as expected. This proof needs to be written by the developer himself and verifies that the function works correctly for all possible inputs. So a type, in the end, is a proof for the compiler and no unit tests are needed. Type checking may become undecidable since these types can depend on any value or expression. This paper gives an overview what problem dependent types solve, kinding, dependent type theory and then a fairly big part about the differences to other systems. It then shows some current ongoing research and finally explains why dependent types may play a bigger role in the far future

Templator2

C++ allows the usage of templates to build functions and classes with generic types. This gives the advantage that classes and functions only need to be defined once and can be used for many containing data types without duplicating code. Templates can be hard to work with because the compiler instantiates templates during the compilation process which results in code that the developer cannot see. Based on the passed, deduced arguments, defined functions, and class templates the compiler selects different code that will be executed. Programmers using Eclipse CDT do not have easy access to the instantiated templates and thus to information about select function overloads and class template specializations. Programmers want to know what the compiler finally chooses, especially in the case of nested template instantiations. The goal of our bachelor theses is to extend the plug-in for Eclipse CDT we developed in our term thesis. The existing plug-in is able to show the programmer simple function template instantiations and should now be extended to support class template instantiations. The outcome is a view that helps the programmer to examine function templates and their deduced arguments, class templates and nested function calls. It offers interactivity to recursively resolve function calls and class template instantiations for an arbitray nesting level. The UI assists the user with a search function, jumping to the definition in the C++ editor and displaying the resulting instantiations in a tree like hierarchy with many UI features

Templator

C++ allows the usage of templates to build functions with generic types. This offers the advantage to define a function for many different data types without duplicating code and also supports compile time polymorphism and is thus used often. Template arguments are often automatically deduced from the function call site. Function templates can be hard to work with because the compiler instantiates templates during the compilation process which results in code that the developer cannot see. Programmers using Eclipse CDT do not have easy access to the instantiated templates and thus to information about the deduced template arguments and selected function overloads. Programmers want to know what overload the compiler finally chooses, especially in the case of nested template instantiations. The goal of our term project is to build a plug-in for Eclipse CDT that helps the programmer see the called functions and deduced template arguments. The outcome is a view that helps the programmer to examine function templates, nested function calls and show the deduced template arguments. It offers interactivity to resolve recursively nested functions to an arbitrary nesting level

Enhancing Network Services through Multimedia Data Analysers

This paper summarises our experience of using data analysers to enhance network multimedia services. By analysers we mean simple processing modules that extract information contained in various multimedia streams. They are categorised based on their location with respect to the network, the location being determined by balancing bandwidth requirements and computational complexity. Various applications are described where analysers are used to enhance aspects of the service provided. Details of the multimedia environment are given, followed by an overview of the analyser architecture and examples of analyser-enhanced applications. The paper is concluded by indicating directions of future development. KEYWORDS Data analysers, distributed multimedia, ATM network services. INTRODUCTION Advances in network technology permit sophisticated configurations in the local area, which have resulted in a wealth of multimedia data being exchanged on the network. It has therefore become necessary ..

Konkurrenz und Umweltschutz. Wald- und Holzwirtschaft zwischen Ökonomie und Ökologie

None