Analysis of the Surface Quality and Temperature in Grinding of Acrylic-Based Resin

Polymeric resins are becoming increasingly popular in medical and engineering applications due to their properties, such as their low weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, non-allergenicity, and extended service life. The grinding process is used to convert these materials into desired products, offering high accuracy and surface quality. However, grinding generates significant heat, which can potentially degrade the material. This study investigates the grinding of acrylic-based resins, specifically focusing on the interplay between the grind zone temperature and surface finish. The low glass transition temperature (57 °C) of the acrylic necessitates the precise control of the grinding parameters (spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and grinding wheel grain size), to maintain a low temperature and achieve high-quality machining. Thermal imaging and thermocouples were employed to measure the grind zone temperature under various grinding conditions. This study investigates the influence of four parameters: spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and grinding wheel grain size. The best surface finish (Ra: 2.5 µm) was obtained by using a finer-grained (80/Ø 0.18 mm) grinding wheel, combined with slightly adjusted parameters (spindle speed: 11.57 m/s, feed rate: 0.406 mm/rev, depth of cut: 1.00 mm), albeit with a slightly higher grind zone temperature (~54 °C). This study highlighted the importance of balancing the grind zone temperature and surface finish for the optimal grinding of acrylic-based resins. Further, this research finds that by carefully controlling the grinding parameters, it is possible to achieve both a high surface quality and prevent material degradation. The research findings could be highly valuable for optimizing the grinding process for various medical and engineering applications

Employee Turnover Intention in Call Center (Punjab) Pakistan

Purpose The purpose of this research was to find out the reasons of employee turnover in call centers of Punjab Pakistan so that the companies could retain their trained work force. Also find out the reasons which are affecting on employee’s turnover intention. The intention of this research is to find out those elements behind the employees turnover intention of job. Design/methodology the target population of this research is Multan and Lahore (Punjab). For getting the response 100 quantities of questionnaire were distributed and with use of application SPSS-18, revile the result on correlation analysis. Research findings the findings of this research identified that that there is negative relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The finding and the recommendation of this research will help the manager to develop a deeper insight of research factor for reducing the employee’s turnover intention Originality/value for determining the employees turnover intention in call center that is original study for newly and existing reader knowledge and there is no any portion of research are copy form anywhere. Implications all the company top level manager/HR manager and marketers of the industry who want to decline the turnover intention can use this research results. Keywords: employee’s turnover, job satisfaction, salary, working conditio

Health Problems of Children in Women Jail (Karachi)

Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the health status & problems of children in women jail Karachi. Methods:A cross sectional study was carried out in Women Jail which is part of Central Jail, Karachi. Convenient sampling technique was adopted and the data was collected through interview of mothers and anthropometric measurements of the children. Results: There were 22 children in jail and male to female ratio was same. Analysis of the data indicated that 54.5% children were exclusively on breast feeding up to 4-6 month and were given homemade food at weaning. Eighty two percent of children were born by normal delivery, 68.2% children suffered from different illnesses and most of them had frequent attacks of diarrhea. Children faced a lot of problems Moreover they had no recreational facility and separate area, to avoid mixing with criminals. Hence the living conditions of the children were not acceptable. Most of the mothers (66.7%) were uneducated, 57.1% mother had 3-4 children, 54.5% mothers had received tetanus toxoid vaccination during pregnancy. Sixty eight percent (68.2%) mothers received antenatal care in jail. Conclusion: It was concluded that the living conditions were not suitable for the physical and the social growth of the children in women jail. Immediate measures should be taken to handle these problem

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METROLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND VECTOR BORNE DENGUE DISEASE USING ONCOLOGICAL FRACTAL TREATMENT

Dengue is the most vital arboviral disease in humans, which is occurring in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Dengue fever is itemized as an urban human disease as it spreads easily to urban environmental/ morphological contexts because of the uneven increase of urban population and infectious diseases as a result of climate change. Dengue epidemic cases related to climatic parameters are helpful to monitor and prevent the transmission of dengue fever. Many studies have focused on describing the clinical aspects of dengue outbreak. We bring out the epidemiological study to investigate the dengue fever development and prediction in the Karachi city. This study described the oncological treatment by statistical analysis and fractal rescaled range (R/S) method of the dengue epidemics from January 2001 to December 2020, based on the urban morphological patterns, and climatic variables including temperature and ENSO respectively. The R/S method in oncologists has been carried in two ways, basic oncological/statistical analysis and Fractal dimension adapt to the study the nature of the subtleties of dengue epidemic data, another showing the dynamics of oncological process. Climate parameters are shown that the fractal dimension value revealed a persistency behavior i.e. time series is an increasing, Fractal analysis also confirmed the anti-persistent behavior of dengue for months of September to November and the normality tests specified the robust indication of the intricacy of data. This study will be useful for future researchers working on epidemiology and urban environmental oncological fields to improve and rectify the urban infectious diseases

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF DURABILITY AND STRENGTH OF SANDSTONE AND SHALE OF UNITED MINERAL COAL COMPANY SOR-RANGE, BALOCHISTAN

Mining operations deal mainly with hard and soft rocks with different mechanical properties and varying strengths. The aim of the slake durability test is to present an index related to degradation resistance of rock when exposed to standard cycles of wetting and drying. Research in geology and rock mechanics is done to explain the influence of the rock index properties in determining the strength, durability and pulse velocity of the rock. This paper enlightens the prediction of the rock’s behavior and nature of the degradation of rocks The index values obtained for sandstone are varying from 97.36 to 99.04% and for shale it ranges from 10.21 to 14.06%. The slake durability index test for sandstone sample indicates that it is high durable and the shale indicates very low durability. The average value of uniaxial compressive strength was calculated to be 83.144 MPa

Effects of Subcapsularis Neuro Muscular Reduction (NMR) in Adhesive Capsulitis

Background: To determine the effects of Subscapularis Neuromuscular Reduction (NMR) in Adhesive Capsulitis patients on pain, Range of Motion (ROM) and Quality of life. Methods: In this randomized controlled trail patients with freezing and frozen stage of Adhesive capsulitis and limited range of movement were included. Patients were randomly divided into control (Group A) and experimental group (Group B). The patients of Group A were treated with conventional physical therapy treatment protocol and patients of group B were treated with subscapularis neuromuscular reduction along with conventional physical therapy. The patient outcome measures were assessed using numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), SPADI (shoulder pain and disability index) and ranges via goniometry. Data was analyzed by SPSS 21. Results: Both group showed significant improvement, but the end value comparison showed significant difference. NMR (Neuromuscular Reduction) on Subscapularis muscles improved the pain, ROM and Patient functional status more as compared to the conventional physical therapy group. The NPRS mean value for control group was 2.90±1.09 and mean value for experimental group was 2.05±1.10with p value of 0.021 while the mean value of SPADI for control group was33.52±9.96 and for experimental group was 26.72±8.00 with p value of 0.026. Conclusion: Treatment groups showed improvement by reducing pain, improving range of motion and functional status but neuromuscular reduction of subscapularis muscles was found to be more effective

Random forest models for motorcycle accident prediction using naturalistic driving based big data

Motorcycle accident studies usually rely upon data collected from road accidents collected through questionnaire surveys/police reports including characteristics of motorcycle riders and contextual data such as road environment. The present study utilizes big data, in the form of vehicle trajectory patterns collected through GPS, coupled with self-reported road accident information along with motorcycle rider characteristics to predict the likelihood of involvement of a motorcyclist in an accident. Random Forest-based machine learning algorithm is employed by taking inputs based on a variety of features derived from trajectory data. These features are mobility-based features, acceleration event-based features, aggressive overtaking event-based features and motorcyclists socio-economic features. Additionally, the relative importance of features is also determined which shows that aggressive overtaking event-based features have more impact on motorcycle accidents as compared to other categories of features. The developed model is useful in identifying risky motorcyclists and implementing safety measures focused towards them