FRENECTOMY ON MAXILLARY LABIAL FRENULUM PENETRATING PAPILLA TYPE BY CONVENTIONAL SURGICAL TECHNIQUES: A CASE REPORT

Introduction: The frenulum is a fold of mucosa that attaches the lips and cheeks to the alveolar mucosa, gingiva, and underlying periosteum. If the attachment is too high and thick to approach the gingival margin (papilla penetrating type) it causes a central diastema on the upper incisor or recurrence after orthodontic treatment, besides causing oral hygiene problems and gingival recession as well as denture stability. An abnormal frenulum should be removed by frenectomy. History and Clinical Finding: An 18-year-old female patient with a tall and thick maxillary labial frenulum as a cause of central diastema on teeth 11, 21. The patient had been treated with removable orthodontics starting 2 years ago. Since 4-6 months ago the diastema has relapse. The maxillary labial frenulum appears to be attached to the incisive papilla (penetration of the papillae). The Blanch test shows movement of the interdental papillae and blanching (ischemia) of the incisor papillae. Case Management: Frenectomy using a scalpel until all the papillae and fibrous fibers are removed. Control 14 days postoperative, the wound was healed. During the blanching test, there was no movement of the papillae and the color was normally. Discussions: The high maxillary labial frenulum causes the two central incisors to erupt far apart. Orthodontic treatment  must be accompanied by removal of the etiological factor by frenectomy for the treatment to be successful. Conclusions: Penetrating papilla type frenectomy of the maxillary labial frenulum with the conventional technique of using a scalpel effectively eliminates the causes of central diastema

GOLDEN PROPORTION GIGI INICISIVUS SENTRAL RAHANG ATAS SUKU BALI DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN GIGI UNIVERSITAS MAHASARASWATI DENPASAR

ABSTRACT Tooth size determines a person's aesthetics. Some guidelines that can help in determining the size of the maxillary anterior teeth are pre-extraction instructions such as facial photographs, diagnostic models, radiographic photographs, and extracted teeth.  If the instructions before extraction are not obtained then an ideal proportionis needed. This study aims to determine whether or not thereis a relationship between the width and high of the face to the mesiodistal and cervico incisal of the maxillary central incisors and what is the proportion of these teeth.  This research is a analytic observasional research with design of crosssectional,  using samples of 47 subjects from Bali'sTrobe age 17_25 at Facultyof Dentistry in Unmas Denpasar. The resul to research show a significant correlation between face width and high to the size of mesiodistal and servico incisal of the maxillary centralincisorson Bali'sTrobe. The proportion of face and teeth of Balinese belonging to the Mongoloid race was obtain 1 :1,639 and mesiodistal and cervicoincisal of the maxillary central incisors where1 : 1,640

INHIBITORY POWER OF MAS BANANA PEEL EXTRACT (MUSA ACUMINATA LADY FINGER) ON THE GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN VITRO

Introduction: Various sources of infectious disease can be found in the oral cavity. Prevention efforts include brushing your teeth properly and regularly. Besides that, gargling with mouthwash is one of the best additional prevention methods. In the literature it is known that mas banana peels contain antibacterial ingredients. The aim of this research was to determine whether banana peel extract (Musa acuminata lady finger) was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.  Material and Methods: Extracts of 25%, 50%, 75% concentration of dried mas banana peel were made, sterile distilled water as a negative control and 0.2% Chlorhexidine as a positive control. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 as many as 3 bacterial colonies, spread evenly on sterile Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The paper discs were dipped for ± 30 seconds into 25%, 50%, 75% gold banana peel extract, 0.2% Chlorhexidine as a positive control and sterile Aquades as a negative control then incubated in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. The inhibition zone (clear area around the paper disc) was measured with a caliper (accuracy 0.02mm). The data obtained were tested for normality and homogeneity to determine whether or not there was a difference in the inhibitory power of banana mas (Musa acuminata lady finger) peel extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Results and Discussion: The results showed that at a concentration of 75% there was an inhibitory power for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria of 6.32 mm. Mas banana peel extract (Musa acuminata lady finger) has antibacterial content in the form of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins which are able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro. Conclusion: Mas banana peel extract (Musa acuminata lady finger) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro with moderate criteria

Peranan Madu 15% Terhadap Peningkatan pH Saliva Wanita Menopause

Fructose, which is the highest concentration of substance in honey, can stimulate saliva more than sucrose, so it is considered to affect the acidity (pH) of saliva, especially postmenopausal women who generally experience a decrease in salivary pH. This study aims to determine the ratio of salivary pH of menopausal women who rinse with drinking water and rinse with 15% concentrated honey. A sample of 32 postmenopausal women between the ages of 50-60 years were divided into 2 groups, namely the control group and the treatment group. Before being treated, the initial salivary pH of the two groups was recorded. Then the control group was instructed to rinse with drinking water and the treatment group was instructed to rinse with 15% honey. Both groups rinsed at the same time for 3 minutes. Then the salivary pH of each group is measured. Data analyzed by independent t-test between the two groups, showed a significance value of 0.037 in the control group and 0.041 in the treatment group (p <0.05). Paired t-test conducted in each group produced a significance value of 0.164 for the control group and 0.07 for the treatment group (p <0.05). Gargling with honey 15% can significantly increase the salivary pH of menopausal women compared to gargling with drinking water

HUBUNGAN TINGGI WAJAH BAWAH DENGAN LEBAR SENYUM PADA SUKU BALI DI FKG UNIVERSITAS MAHASARASWATI DENPASAR

Physical attractiveness plays an important role in how we see ourselves and how we are seen by others. Individuals mainly focus on the eyes and mouth of others during interpersonal interactions. An attractive smile will create good interpersonal relationships. A perfect smile is created when there is harmony and balance between the shape of the face and teeth. Measurement of the lower anterior facial height is one of the vertical evaluations that has a close relation to a person's aesthetics and to orthodontic treatment. The width of the smile is the distance between the outer commissures of the lips. The aim of the study was to determine whether there is or no correlation between lower facial height and smile width in the Balinese at FKG Mahasaraswati Denpasar University. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional design using a sample of 50 Balinese subjects aged 18-25 years at FKG Mahasaraswati Denpasar University. The sample used in this study was taken by simple random sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collecting was done by direct measurement of the sample using calipers to measure the lower facial height and the width of the smile. The results showed a significant correlation between lower facial height and smile width with a significance value of 0.028 (p ≤0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.312 . A positive correlation indicates that the greater the lower facial height value, the greater the smile width value tends to be

OPTIMAL CONCENTRATION OF BASIL LEAF EXTRACT (Ocimum basilicum L.) IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF Streptococcus mutans IN VITRO : Konsentrasi Optimal Dari Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Basilicum L.) Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans In Vitro

Introduction: One of flora in the oral cavity is Streptococcus mutans as a cause of dental caries. Various ways can be done to suppress its growth, one of them by using mouthwash which is used contains a lot of chemicals, so an alternative is needed by using herbal ingredients, including basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves that contain essential oils, methyl eugenol, phenols, and flavonoids which are able to work as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition and optimal concentration of basil leaf extract on the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Materials and method: The method used agar Kirby Bauer method with seven treatments of leaf extract with concentrations of 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, and methanol solution as control group. The culture medium used was Muller Hinton Blood Agar. Results and discussions: The Kruskall Wallis test showed a significant difference between treatment groups. Mann Whitney U-Test test, found that the control group, basil leaf extract concentrations of 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% were tested with concentrations of 3.5% and 4% had a significant difference. The test between groups of 3.5% and 4% basil leaf extract did not show a significant difference. Conclusion: this study was that in vitro basil leaf extract with a concentration of 3.5% and 4% had inhibitory power on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and basil leaf extract with a concentration of 3.5% optimally inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans in vitro

MANDIBULAR DEVIATION IN UNILATERAL CHEWING HABITS : Deviasi Mandibula pada Kebiasaan Mengunyah Satu Sisi

Introduction: The mandibular movement pattern was used to evaluate the presence of a dysfunction. Impaired TMJ function is called temporomandibular disorder (TMD). One of the causes that are often associated with TMD is a bad habit of chewing one side. This habit is often done without realizing it, causing an imbalance in the distribution of the chewing load and can result in deviation or displacement. The occurrence of TMD can be characterized by limited mouth opening of less than 40 mm. Objective: This study aims to determine the presence of abnormalities in the pattern of mandibular movement in the bad habit of chewing on one side. Methods: The research method used is descriptive observational research with saturated sampling technique with a sample of 25 students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahasaraswati University Denpasar, class of 2017. Data collection was carried out by observing through videos of mandibular movement patterns. Results and conclusions: The results showed the pattern of mandibular movement with the habit of chewing on one side, in men who deviated 28%, in women 32%, while in men who did not deviate 12% and in women as much as 28%

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF THE MAXIMUM INCLINATION TO THE SOFT TISSUE OF THE FACIAL IN BALINESE WOMEN USING THE HOLDAWAY METHOD: HUBUNGAN ANTARA SUDUT INKLINASI INSISIVUS RAHANG ATAS TERHADAP KECEMBUNGAN JARINGAN LUNAK WAJAH PADA PEREMPUAN SUKU BALI DENGAN METODE HOLDAWAY

Introduction: Disharmony between tooth position, jaw relation and facial soft tissue has a significant effect on facial appearance. Anatomical facial appearance is determined by the lower third of the face, especially the position of the lips and related parts which are affected by the inclination of the anterior teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a correlation between the angle of inclination of the maxillary incisors and the convexity of facial soft tissue in Balinese women using the Holdaway method. Materials and Method: This type of research was analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. This study used a sample of 31 lateral cephalometric photographs of Balinese females for tracing. Samples were taken by means of purposive sampling, based on specified criteria. Results and discussion: Pearson correlation analysis showed that the relationship between the angle of inclination of the upper incisors was significant. Conclusion: Based on this study, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between maxillary incisor inclination angle on the facial soft tissue convexity in Balinese females using the Holdaway method

THE USE OF CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWORKS CAN REDUCE THE ACCUMULATION OF DENTAL PLAK IN USERS OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC DEVICES: PEMAKAIAN OBAT KUMUR KLORHEKSIDIN DAPAT MENURUNKAN AKUMULASI PLAK GIGI PADA PENGGUNA PIRANTI ORTODONTI CEKAT

Introduction: Treatment of malocclusion with fixed devices is common for us to encounter everyday. In using this device there are parts that are glued to the teeth and cannot be disassembled by the patient himself. This allows food debris and plaque to adhere more easily to the teeth and the fixed appliance.  Review: Dental plaque is a transparent thin layer that adheres tightly to the teeth, which contains bacteria and their products in the form of organic and inorganic materials, oral fluids, loose epithelial cells and blood cells. Plaque is influenced, among other things, by bacteria, buffers and salivary flow, the presence of fluoride and the frequency of carbohydrates consumed, crowding of teeth, rough surfaces, areas that are difficult to clean, position of teeth outside the area of occlusion, and multiplication of bacteria. Therefore, during the process of fixed orthodontic treatment, it is necessary to control plaque which is carried out mechanically or chemically. Mechanical plaque control can be done by brushing teeth and using dental floss, while chemical plaque control can be done by using mouthwash.  The mouthwash that has proven to be the most effective of the other therapeutic plaque control agents is chlorhexidine because it is able to ionically adhere to teeth and oral mucosal surfaces in high concentrations for hours. Chlorhexidine 0.2% can affect the number of salivary bacterial colonies due to the phenol content contained therein. Chlorhexidine itself has a very strong binding ability in the oral cavity, which is its advantage compared to other ingredients. Conclusion: Gargling with chlorhexidine can reduce plaque accumulation and improve oral hygiene status in fixed orthodontic user