Study of Sulphate Origin in Shallow Groundwater in the Vicinity of Bantar Gebang-Bekasi Landfill Using Sulphur-34 and Oxygen-18

Bantar Gebang-Bekasi landfill-West Java has caused a social impact due to the possibility of groundwater contamination. An investigation to trace sulphate origin in shallow groundwater in surrounding of Bantar Gebang -Bekasi landfill had been done. The methods were related to Rafter for extraction of CO2 and Robinson-Kusakabe for extraction of SO2 gas. Both gases were injected to mass spectrometer for measuring of δ 18O (SO42-) and δ 34S (SO42-). The results showed that a mixing of sulphate from leachate water to shallow groundwater had occurred. The more enriched value of δ 34S (SO42-) as much as 8.87 o/oo in leachate water compared to shallow groundwater having that value of 3.92o/oo to 6.66 o/oo might be caused by rapidly growth of sulphate reducing bacteria. The source of oxygen in sulphide oxidation dominantly came from atmosphere whereas percentage of H2O supplying oxygen was 0-25% for groundwater and 40% for leachate water. The extend of this value in leachate water might be caused by higher degree of bacteria, higher content of heavy metals and lower content of dissolved atmospheric oxygen

Rainwater quality improvement using zeolite, activated carbon, limestone and preheated 400°C limestone

Resources of clean water have decreased significantly in recent years, one of the reasons is water pollution. Utilization of rainwater as clean water resource is among the best option, especially in big cities like Jakarta. Excessive rainwater during wet season can be saved and used as the source of clean water during dry seasons. However, rainwater contains some pollutants, thus suitable treatment method should be utilized to improve its quality as clean water for daily needs. This study compared the effectiveness of zeolite, limestone, activated carbon and preheated 400°C limestone as additive to improve the rainwater quality. Results show that both limestone and preheated 400°C limestone improve all the parameters observed, meanwhile both activated carbon and zeolite had shown to have detrimental effect on water conductivity

Aplikasi Bentonit Dan Besi (III) Klorida Pada Zeolite Yang Dimodifikasi Untuk Pengolahan Air Sungai

Untuk mendapatkan kualitas yang sesuai dengan standar air minum maka diperlukan metodepengolahan yang baik, diantaranya adalah dengan sistem koagulasi dan flokulasi. Pemilihan bahankoagulan yang ramah lingkungan merupakan faktor penting dalam pemurnian air sehingga tidakmencemari lingkungan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efesiensi koagulan zeolite tersintesabeserta kombinasinya dalam pemurnian air sungai.Parameter yang digunakan yaitu kekeruhan, totalpadatan tersuspensi (TSS), warna dan kandungan besi (Fe2+).Untuk sintesa zeolite dan kombinasinyadilakukan dengan pengaturan pH, rasio dosis, dosis dan waktu pendiaman. Hasil dari penelitian iniadalah zeolite mampu memindahkan 90% kekeruhan, 81% TSS, 80% warna dan 84% Fe2+. Kombinasizeolite – besi (III) klorida menunjukkan efesiensi pemindahan yang lebih baik daripada kombinasi zeolitebentonit karena dapat memindahkan 95% kekeruhan, 88% TSS, 76% warna dan 88% Fe 2+. Kombinasizeolite modifkasi – bentonite dapat memindahkan 94% kekeruhan, 83% TSS dan 84% Fe 2+. Efesiensipemindahan kekeruhan, TSS, Fe2+ dengan menggunakan kombinasi zeolite - besi (III) klorida juga lebihbaik daripada kombinasi zeolite modifikasi – besi (III) klorida dan zeolite modifikasi - bentonite. Hasil daridifraksi sinar-x menunjukkan bahwa kandungan mineral dalam zeolite yang telah disintesa lebih tinggidaripada zeolite alami sehingga mampu menaikkan kapasitas adsorpsinya

Chemical simulation of greywater

Sustainable water resources management attracts considerable attention in today’s world. Recycling and reuse of both wastewater and greywater are becoming more attractive. The strategy is to protect ecosystem services by balancing the withdrawal of water and the disposal of wastewater. In the present study, a timely and novel synthetic greywater composition has been proposed with respect of the composition of heavy metals, nutrients and organic matter. The change in water quality of the synthetic greywater due to increasing storage time was monitored to evaluate the stability of the proposed chemical formula. The new greywater is prepared artificially using analytical grade chemicals to simulate either low (LC) or high (HC) pollutant concentrations. The characteristics of the synthetic greywater were tested (just before starting the experiment, after two days and a week of storage under real weather conditions) and compared to those reported for real greywater. Test results for both synthetic greywater types showed great similarities with the physiochemical properties of published findings concerning real greywater. Furthermore, the synthetic greywater is relatively stable in terms of its characteristics for different storage periods. However, there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) for both low (LC) and high (HC) concentrations of greywater after two days of storage with reductions of 62% and 55%, respectively. A significant (p<0.05) change was also noted for the reduction (70%) of nitrate‒nitrogen (NO3‒N) concerning HC greywater after seven days of storage

Rainwater quality improvement using zeolite, activated carbon, limestone and preheated 400°C limestone

Resources of clean water have decreased significantly in recent years, one of the reasons is water pollution. Utilization of rainwater as clean water resource is among the best option, especially in big cities like Jakarta. Excessive rainwater during wet season can be saved and used as the source of clean water during dry seasons. However, rainwater contains some pollutants, thus suitable treatment method should be utilized to improve its quality as clean water for daily needs. This study compared the effectiveness of zeolite, limestone, activated carbon and preheated 400°C limestone as additive to improve the rainwater quality. Results show that both limestone and preheated 400°C limestone improve all the parameters observed, meanwhile both activated carbon and zeolite had shown to have detrimental effect on water conductivity

The interrelationship between ISTN lake, Babakan lake and the surrounding wells of shallow groundwater using stable isotopes δ

The investigation of the interrelationship between shallow groundwater and lake water is one of the important characteristics in groundwater basin research. An understanding of the location properties can be used for the lakebank fitration pontential evaluation. The objective of this research was to describe the interrelationship of shallow groundwater and the lake water from ISTN lake and Babakan lake. An effective tracer in groundwater basin research can use the environmental isotopes method for revealing the interrelationship between lake water and surrounding shallow groundwater. This research was conducted by taking samples of shallow groundwater from the surrounding wells around the ISTN and Babakan lakes. Based on isotopes δ 2H vs. δ 18O results, the shallow groundwater of the surrounding wells originated from the lake water. The results were verified with a student test distribution using 95% confidence level which showed that all samples were in one cluster. From the analysis of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of the samples locations, all of the samples were in range of fresh water but the pH of some samples was lower than the pH requirement for drinking water, so the pH should be improved before consumption

The interrelationship between ISTN lake, Babakan lake and the surrounding wells of shallow groundwater using stable isotopes δ 2H and δ 18O for the lake bank filtration potential

The investigation of the interrelationship between shallow groundwater and lake water is one of the important characteristics in groundwater basin research. An understanding of the location properties can be used for the lakebank fitration pontential evaluation. The objective of this research was to describe the interrelationship of shallow groundwater and the lake water from ISTN lake and Babakan lake. An effective tracer in groundwater basin research can use the environmental isotopes method for revealing the interrelationship between lake water and surrounding shallow groundwater. This research was conducted by taking samples of shallow groundwater from the surrounding wells around the ISTN and Babakan lakes. Based on isotopes δ 2H vs. δ 18O results, the shallow groundwater of the surrounding wells originated from the lake water. The results were verified with a student test distribution using 95% confidence level which showed that all samples were in one cluster. From the analysis of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of the samples locations, all of the samples were in range of fresh water but the pH of some samples was lower than the pH requirement for drinking water, so the pH should be improved before consumption