237 research outputs found
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Infiltration, soil erosion, nitrogen loss and soil profile characteristics of Oregon lands occupied by three subspecies of Artemisia tridentata
Infiltration, soil erosion, nitrogen loss and soil profile
characteristics were measured on 36 sites representing land occupied
by Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentate, wyomingensis, and vaseyana.
Infiltration, soil erosion, and nitrogen loss were strongly correlated
but highly variable. Soil loss, but not infiltration or nitrogen
loss was significantly different between subspecies. At
Frenchglen infiltration rates were higher and soil erosion and nitrogen
loss rates were lower for A.t. ssp. vaseyana sites than for A.t.
ssp. wyomingensis sites. Infiltration rate decreased between plots
as mean soil particle size decreased, organic ground cover decreased,
bulk density increased, and extractable sodium increased.
Infiltration rate was especially low on sites with vesicular porosity
in the surface soil. Soil loss, and for the most part, percent
nitrogen in the runoff water increased between plots as bare ground
increased, and vesicular porosity in the surface soil increased, but
soil and nitrogen loss was negatively correlated with medium and
coarse sand and coarse fragments in the surface soil, and with organic
ground cover. Aridisols lost more soil than Mollisols, but only
if sites dominated by surficial tephra were omitted from the analysis,
did Aridisols show significantly lower infiltration rates. The
nitrogen lost in the simulation does not appear to be large in comparison
with either capital or yearly flux. Nearly all characteristics
of the soil profile show either no significant differences
between subspecies or they show a significant interaction between
location and subspecies. The Frenchglen location had the greatest
elevational differences between subspecies and most of the significant
physical and chemical differences between subspecies, including
greater depth of maximum illuviation, greater rooting depth, and in
the surface soil, lower ph, higher organic matter, higher cation
exchange capacity, lower base saturation and lower percent
exchangeable sodium on higher elevation A.t. ssp. vaseyana sites
than on A.t. ssp. wuomingensis sites and/or A.t. ssp. tridentata
sites. In the deeper soil horizons at Frenchglen, A.t. ssp.
vaseyana sites had lower ph and lower base saturation than A.t. ssp.
tridentata sites
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A proposed Willamette River Greenway plan and ordinance for Linn County
This paper includes the proposed "Willamette River Greenway"
section of the Linn County Comprehensive Plan and "Criteria
and Standards for Greenway Development Permits," the proposed
implementing ordinance
Synergistic Monitoring – Addressing the Threats and Identifying Opportunities
For many years, land managers and scientists have been applying a variety of land treatments to improve or protect rangeland ecosystems. Collectively, we have studied the response of these treatments and wildfire events to identify opportunities for maintaining or improving Nevada sagebrush ecosystem health and functionality. In partnership with collaborators, we initiated a State-wide effort to capture, consolidate, and summarize implementation, monitoring, and research information for these events. We are conducting field studies to identify and fill information gaps. We seek a new and expanded information base that is available to Nevada land managers, scientists, and others interested in healthy and resilient sagebrush sites. We plan to identify the consequences of passive and active management; develop predictive tools for adaptive management; identify research needs; and increase accessibility to location, implementation and monitoring information for these events. Through the collaborative integration of our field study results with historic and current research and monitoring information, we seek to increase knowledge of landscape-level and site-specific ecological processes. This will further develop our ability to manage and predict rangeland health, integrity, resilience (after disturbance), and resistance (to undesired change under significant disturbance regimes) in the context of multiple-use management
The 2005 Nevada Rangeland Vegetation Survey General Public Questionnaire and Survey of Responses
The 2005 Nevada Rangeland Vegetation Survey was conducted as a collaborative effort between the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) Department of Resource Economics and the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension (UNCE) Natural Resources Program to fulfill two roles
An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics
For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types
The site of embolization related to infarct size, oedema and clinical outcome in a rat stroke model - further translational stroke research
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background and purpose</p> <p>Reliable models are essential for translational stroke research to study the pathophysiology of ischaemic stroke in an effort to find therapies that may ultimately reduce oedema, infarction and mortality in the clinic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between the site of arterial embolization and the subsequent oedema, infarction and clinical outcome in a rat embolic stroke model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were thromboembolized into the internal carotid artery. The site of occlusion was demonstrated by arteriography. Following histological preparation and evaluation, the size of the hemispheres and the infarcts were measured by quantitative histology and planimetry. Another parallel stroke model study was subsequently examined to investigate if the conclusions from the first study could be applied to the second study.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The median size of the infarct was 40% of the ipsilateral hemisphere in both the 19 animals with occlusion localised to the intracranial part of the internal carotid artery and in the 11 animals where the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery was occluded. In 5 animals, occlusion of the extracranial part of the internal carotid artery resulted in significantly smaller infarcts compared to other groups (p < 0.01). Another independent study re-confirmed these results. Furthermore, significant correlations (R > 0.76, p < 0.0001) were found between 1) cortical, subcortical, and total infarct volumes, 2) oedema in percent of the left hemisphere, 3) clinical score before termination and 4) postoperative weight loss.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Distal occlusions of the intracranial part of the internal carotid or middle cerebral arteries resulted in comparable large sized infarctions and oedema. This indicates that investigators do not need a similar number of such occlusions in each experimental group. Contrary to observations in the clinic, distal internal carotid artery occlusions did not result in worse outcome than middle cerebral stem occlusions, but this finding may be explained by the controlled emboli size in this experimental stroke model.</p
Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas
This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing
molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin
Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts
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