Asymptotic freedom and Confinement imply spontaneously broken chiral symmetry in Quantum Chromodynamics

We utilize Coleman's theorem and show that quantum chromodynamics based on asymptotic freedom and confinement must have chiral symmetry realized as a spontaneously broken symmetry.Comment: Latex, 7 page

Origin, distribution and systematics of culinary cucumber (Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. conomon)

The non-dessert or culinary forms of C. melo are a distinct group distributed and adapted well essentially under humid tropics of Southern India. Culinary cucumber or vegetable cucumber (Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. conomon) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae, genus Cucumis, species melo, subspecies agrestis and variety conomon. In English, it is popularly called as Mangaluru cucumber, Oriental pickling melon, Japanese pickling melon, golden melon, culinary melon, Indian yellow cucumber, yellow cucumber, lemon cucumber, and so on. Although much of the information about culinary cucumber calls them cucumbers they are not cucumbers! They are actually a part of the so called “conomon” group of melons (Cucumis melo). Traditionally the conomon melons have been used in the Far East for pickling. Culinary cucumbers have a special feature that the fruits can be stored up to 8-10 months without losing their freshness. They can be stored for many weeks by hanging them from the ceiling, firmly bound by thin coconut fibre ropes. This ethnic vegetable is used for preparation of various culinary items. Even seeds are used for preparation of juice against dyspepsia. In this review article, the aspects about the family to which culinary cucumber belongs, genus Cucumis, origin and distribution of the genus Cucumis, domestication of melons (Cucumis melo), intraspecific classification of Cucumis melo, genetic diversity in melons, crossability among Cucumis species, and among Cucumis melo subspecies, origin and distribution of culinary cucumber, uses, nutritional value, medicinal properties, evaluation of germplasm, high yielding varieties, cultivation aspects, have been discussed. Understanding the evolutionary history and domestication process, increases the possibility for better exploiting the genetic diversity for cultivar development. Its storage trait can be transferred to muskmelon by adopting a suitable breeding method. The local landraces or varieties which are highly tolerant to high temperature, drought, pests and diseases in summer, can also be employed as a useful breeding material

Immunology of tuberculosis - An overview

Over a hundred years have passed since Robert Koch has isolated the tubercle bacillus, but still the immune mechanisms in tuberculosis are not yet completely unravelled. The information explosion in the field of immunology during the last ten years has resulted in a modest beginning in the knowledge of tuberculoimmunity at the cellular and molecular level. It is necessary to understand the host responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis in order to appreciate the clinical consequences, diagnosis and prophylaxis of tuberculous infection. In the following sections the progress in our understanding of host’s immune response to M. tuberculosis is considered with special emphasis on immunopathogenesis, immunosuppression and immunodiagnosis

The possible role of soluble material from macrophages in cell mediated immunity in pulmnary tuberuculosis

Lymphocytes from pulmonary tuberculosis patients and healthy controls showed identical proliferative responses to mitogen (PHA) and antigen (PPD) on Day ‘O’ (DO), Day-2 (D2) and Day-7 (D7) of culture. Also, there was no suppression of PHA induced lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of culture supernatants of pulmonary tuberculosis patient’s mononuclear cells

Physico-chemical Properties of Chloramine-T: Part III- Conductometric Study of the Interaction of Chloramine-T with Th(IV) & Zr(IV) Solutions

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Certain Subclasses Of Harmonic Starlike Functions Associated With q-Analouge Of Ruscheweyh Operator

In this work, we introduce and study a subclass of harmonic uniformly β - starlike functions defined by q-analogue of Ruscheweyh derivative operator. Coefficient bounds, extreme points, distortion bounds, convolution conditions and convex combination are determined for functions in this class. Also, properties of the class preserving under. The generalized Bernardi-Libera –Livingston integral operator and the q-Jackson integral operator are discussed. Furthermore, many of our results are either extensions or new approaches to those corresponding to previously known results