An Aerial view on Garbhajanya Vishamayata w.s.r. to Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

The journey of pregnancy is most exciting and filled with joyous in a women’s life. It’s a gift to a women’s life of creation and nurturing power. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is one of the common complication observed during pregnancy, plays a significant role in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. . Garbhajanya Vishamayata (Pregnancy induced hypertension) is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks of gestation they are preventable by early detection and with appropriate treatment and possibly by prevention of disease itself. With an Ayurvedic approach, on looking to the symptoms and understanding etiopathogenesis, Vata Dusti is main causative factor in the manifestation of the disease. During progressive stage of disease involvement of other Dosha is seen.  Dushya are Hridaya, Dash Dhamanya, Sira, Ras Raktvaha Strotasa, Manovaha Strotasa, Ras Dhatu, Rakt Dhatu and Manna, treatment should always be Vaatashaman, Pittashamana, Hridya, Shothahara, Garbhasthapaka, Medhya, Brahman Raktashaman, Balya, Anulomana. As a preventive care, Pathyapathya during Antenatal period is described under the heading of Masanumasika Paricharya & what should be avoided is mentioned under the heading of Garbhopaghatakara Bhava’s. All these regimens were sincerely followed during pregnancy. This paper reviews about understanding gestational hypertension in terms of Ayurveda in order to prevent and treat Garbha Vishamayata (PIH) & ultimately help reduce maternal mortality & improve fetal outcome, Ayurveda can definitely contribute in this regard and ensure safe motherhood and healthy child

Predicting missing marker positions in simulated gait analysis systems

Modern computer-aided vision motion systems provide a computerized and fully integrated tool kit for biomechanical measurement and analysis. These tools are useful for evaluation of problems, prescription of treatment and evaluation of such treatment. Many of these systems use reflective markers placed on key anatomical sites of the body to detect accurate three-dimensional spatial positions of the limbs being measured. While these systems ease automated data gathering, there are issues, such as the correspondence between an observed target and an established track, that require significant human intervention when markers disappear from view for short periods of time. When the system loses sight of a marker, it has no way of knowing where that marker will reappear and the track becomes broken or disjointed. Once the missing marker comes back into view, many current systems do not easily establish an association between the marker and its original track. -- In this thesis a solution to the problem of making correspondence between markers and their track histories was designed and tested. This solution also provided the capability of predicting the path of markers when they were out of view of the cameras. To test the algorithm three different repetitive motions were tracked using the Flock of Birds measurement system. -- The solution used a three-state Kalman filter to predict marker locations. The Kalman filter was coupled with constraints to determine matches between tracks and their corresponding marker positions. These constraints modelled a Region of Acceptance (ROA), distance from the center of the ROA to the last known position of a marker, and velocity matching. -- The Kalman predictor algorithm, because it is linear in nature, was able to predict the motion accurately while there was no change in acceleration. However, the Kalman predictor, coupled with the constraints, was useful in predicting and matching markers over a longer (100-500% longer) missing interval than the test case. -- To improve the prediction and matching capabilities of the Kalman predictor algorithm a physical motion modelm, that considers angular rotations at joints, was developed. The model is named the angular component model. This algorithm used an estimated or pre-measured motion model to check the location of the Kalman predictor. If the prediction did not match the model (within certain error bounds), it was corrected by the model algorithm using a calculation process that estimated the location of the marker based on its model. The addition of this algorithm to the Kalman prediction algorithm improved the prediction and matching capabilities. The matching worked well over the length of a 2 second gap (the longest used in testing) and the prediction of the marker path was excellent. The use of this model with the available tracking algorithms used in gait analysis will help in preventing the problem of disappearing markers in computer vision systems

Modeling and Calibration for Crack Detection in Circular Shafts Supported on Bearings Using Lateral and Torsional Vibration Measurements

In this paper the requisite foundational numerical and experimental investigations that are carried out, to model the “uncracked and cracked” shaft and to identify its bending and torsional vibration responses, are reported. The cylindrical shaft used in this experimental study is continuous over two spans (with a cantilever span carrying a propeller) with ball-bearing supports. During modal tests the backward end of shaft (away from the propeller end and connecting it to an electric motor, required for online monitoring) is fixed to one of the test frame supports; later on this backward end will be connected to an electric motor to carry out online modal monitoring for crack identification. In the numerical study, beam elements are used for modeling the bending and torsional vibrations of the rotating shaft. The paper describes in detail the numerical “linear spring” models developed for representing the effects of “ball bearings and the (experimental test) frame supports” on the vibration frequencies. Shaft response parameters are obtained using modal analysis software, LMS Test Lab, for bending vibrations monitored using accelerometers, and three “sets” of shear strain gages fixed at three different shaft locations measure the torsional vibrations. Effects of different crack depths on bending and torsional frequencies and mode shapes are investigated experimentally and numerically, and the results interpreted to give better comprehension of its vibratory behavior

Dynamics of ship-ice interaction

Analysis of the ship-ice interaction problem using finite element method is presented in this report to determine the failure loads and the total stress and deformation states developed in the ice-field during the interaction process. The ice sheet is discretized using 20-noded three-dimensional finite elements and the failure in ice is described by Tsai-Wu criterion.NRC publication: Ye