UK–EU law enforcement cooperation post-Brexit: A UK law enforcement practitioner perspective

Law enforcement cooperation between the United Kingdom and the European Union has experienced substantial change. The practice and impact of police cooperation are aligned with various formal and informal arrangements previously based on a European framework, policy, legislation and process. Following Brexit, the United Kingdom became detached from some of these arrangements. Opposing sides of the Brexit debate argued that the implications of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union would result in outcomes ranging from improved police cooperation to fundamental damage to law enforcement combating cross-border and organised crime. While it is acknowledged that more change will occur in the policy and legislative framework that governs police cooperation between the United Kingdom and the European Union, this article explores the current situation from the perspective of interview accounts from police practitioners (n = 14) and academics (n = 3) working in the field. This article applied ‘nodes of governance’ to police cooperation between the United Kingdom and European Union. This article demonstrates a range of issues that have impeded the ability of the United Kingdom to work with its former partners. At the same time, good police relations remain, and informal police cooperation continues

Vue d'ensemble sur l'évolution des forces de maintien de l'ordre en Europe : les répercussions de l'européanisation sur la police britannique

Cet article décrit le rôle des pouvoirs locaux dans la croissance du système policier britannique depuis le début du 19e siècle jusqu'à nos jours. Il examine l'introduction d'organes de coordination et de représentation nationaux et décrit leur rôle actuel. Du point de vue britannique, il analyse ensuite le développement des organisations internationales visant à faciliter et coordonner les activités policières transfrontalières européennes. Prenant pour point de départ la création d'Interpol au début du 20e siècle, il examine les problèmes relatifs à cette organisation, qui ont conduit à la mise en place ultérieure d'organismes tels que le Groupe Trévi ou Europol. Finalement, l'article se penche sur l'influence que l'"européanisation" croissante de l'activité policière exerce sur la police britannique, et en particulier le rôle grandissant d'organismes nationaux et la "convergence" qui rapproche des institutions policières ayant des missions voisines.This paper describes the parochially led growth of the British policing system from its beginnings in the early part of the 19th century until the present day. It discusses the inception of police coordinating and representative bodies at the national level, and outlines their respective present-day roles. This is followed by a description from a British perspective of the development of international organisations intended to facilitate and coordinate cross border police activities within Europe. Starting with Interpol in the early part of the 20th century, the paper addresses the problems inherent in that organisation which led to the establishment of later bodies such as the Trevi Group and Europol. Finally the paper links these two sections by examining the influences that increasing Europeanisation of policing is having upon the British police service, particularly the increasing importance of national bodies and the 'convergence' that is taking place between policing bodies with similar roles

Measurement of the CKM angle γ using the B^± → D*h^± channels

A measurement of the CP-violating observables from B±→D∗K± and B±→D∗π± decays is presented, where D∗(D) is an admixture of D∗0 and D¯∗0 (D0 and D¯0) states and is reconstructed through the decay chains D∗→Dπ0/γ and D→K0Sπ+π−/K0SK+K−. The measurement is performed by analysing the signal yield variation across the D decay phase space and is independent of any amplitude model. The data sample used was collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions and corresponds to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The CKM angle γ is determined to be (69+13−14)∘ using the measured CP-violating observables. The hadronic parameters rD∗K±B,rD∗π±B,δD∗K±B,δD∗π±B, which are the ratios and strong phase differences between favoured and suppressed B± decays, are also reported

Search for B⁺_c→π⁺μ⁺μ⁻ decays and measurement of the branching fraction ratio <i>B</i>(B⁺_c→ψ(2<i>S</i>)π⁺)/<i>B</i>(B⁺_c→<i>J</i>/ψπ⁺)

The first search for nonresonant B+c→π+μ+μ− decays is reported. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector between 2011 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1. No evidence for an excess of signal events over background is observed and an upper limit is set on the branching fraction ratio B(B+c→π+μ+μ−)/B(B+c→J/ψπ+)&lt;2.1×10−4 at 90% confidence level. Additionally, an updated measurement of the ratio of the B+c→ψ(2S)π+ and B+c→J/ψπ+ branching fractions is reported. The ratio B(B+c→ψ(2S)π+)/B(B+c→J/ψπ+) is measured to be 0.254±0.018±0.003±0.005, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainties on the branching fractions of the leptonic J/ψ and ψ(2S) decays. This measurement is the most precise to date and is consistent with previous LHCb results