3 research outputs found

    Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of the rhizome essential oil of Cyperus articulatus L. grown in Karnataka, India

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    112-118Cyperus articulatus L. is widely distributed in various geographical regions of the world, and it has been used as a folk medicine for treating haemorrhoids, diarrhoea, and other diseases. The present study aimed to analyze the chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of essential oil (EO) extracted from C. articulatus grown in the Karnataka region to explore its potential pharmaceutical usage. The EO from the rhizomes of C. articulatus was extracted by hydro-distillation and was tested for its antimicrobial activities against selected bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Abony, and Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger). The EO yield was 1.24 g/100 g of dried rhizome powder. The EO recorded a significant inhibition against S. aureus and A. flavus. The GC-MS analysis of EO showed the predominance of important metabolites such as mustakone (20.2%), longifolenaldehyde (14.9%), cedroxyde (8.7%), α-copaene (4.7%), cyperene (2%), cyperotundone (2.6%), khusinol (2.3%), and corymbolone (1.1%) along with several other monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The study revealed the EO of C. articulatus as a promising source of antibacterial and antifungal metabolites which may lead to its application in managing bacterial and fungal infections and storage mould

    Antimicrobial Peptides Derived From Insects Offer a Novel Therapeutic Option to Combat Biofilm: A Review

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    Biofilms form a complex layer with defined structures, that attach on biotic or abiotic surfaces, are tough to eradicate and tend to cause some resistance against most antibiotics. Several studies confirmed that biofilm-producing bacteria exhibit higher resistance compared to the planktonic form of the same species. Antibiotic resistance factors are well understood in planktonic bacteria which is not so in case of biofilm producing forms. This may be due to the lack of available drugs with known resistance mechanisms for biofilms. Existing antibiotics cannot eradicate most biofilms, especially of ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). Insects produce complex and diverse set of chemicals for survival and defense. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), produced by most insects, generally have a broad spectrum of activity and the potential to bypass the resistance mechanisms of classical antibiotics. Besides, AMPs may well act synergistically with classical antibiotics for a double-pronged attack on infections. Thus, AMPs could be promising alternatives to overcome medically important biofilms, decrease the possibility of acquired resistance and treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens including ESKAPE. The present review focuses on insect-derived AMPs with special reference to anti-biofilm-based strategies. It covers the AMP composition, pathways and mechanisms of action, the formation of biofilms, impact of biofilms on human diseases, current strategies as well as therapeutic options to combat biofilm with antimicrobial peptides from insects. In addition, the review also illustrates the importance of bioinformatics tools and molecular docking studies to boost the importance of select bioactive peptides those can be developed as drugs, as well as suggestions for further basic and clinical research

    Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of the rhizome essential oil of Cyperus articulatus L. grown in Karnataka, India

    Get PDF
    Cyperus articulatus L. is widely distributed in various geographical regions of the world, and it has been used as a folk medicine for treating haemorrhoids, diarrhoea, and other diseases. The present study aimed to analyze the chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of essential oil (EO) extracted from C. articulatus grown in the Karnataka region to explore its potential pharmaceutical usage. The EO from the rhizomes of C. articulatus was extracted by hydro-distillation and was tested for its antimicrobial activities against selected bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Abony, and Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger). The EO yield was 1.24 g/100 g of dried rhizome powder. The EO recorded a significant inhibition against S. aureus and A. flavus. The GC-MS analysis of EO showed the predominance of important metabolites such as mustakone (20.2%), longifolenaldehyde (14.9%), cedroxyde (8.7%), α-copaene (4.7%), cyperene (2%), cyperotundone (2.6%), khusinol (2.3%), and corymbolone (1.1%) along with several other monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The study revealed the EO of C. articulatus as a promising source of antibacterial and antifungal metabolites which may lead to its application in managing bacterial and fungal infections and storage mould
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