Conceptions of Emulation, Migration, and Related Concepts in Digital Preservation Literature

This study uses conceptual content analysis to examine and compare definitions of "emulation," "migration," and other key terms in the digital preservation literature. Eight terms were coded and analyzed including "digital object," "authenticity," and "significant properties." Particular attention is paid to definitions of emulation and migration, and arguments for and against each process are reviewed. Within the library science literature there is a significant consensus about the definitions of many of these key terms. However, there still exists some ambiguity and disagreement about how these fundamental concepts should be understood. Those undertaking digital projects must be deliberate about defining these foundational terms before they begin work

Using Gimlet to Improve Service at the Library

In 2011, Johnson County Community College’s Billington Library first piloted and then implemented a low-cost online reference statistics tool called Gimlet. The system replaced an outmoded and inaccurate pen-and-paper statistics system. This paper details the struggles and advantages of this change. Implementation and training programs are discussed, as well as strategies for generating staff buy-in. Both the expected and unexpected advantages of a Gimlet based online system are explored, and future directions for the system are described. Libraries looking for a very low cost, easy to implement electronic statistics solution should consider Gimlet. The experience of JCCC’s Billington Library can serve as an effective road map

Maintaining and breaking symmetry in homomeric coiled-coil assemblies

Higher order coiled coils with five or more helices can form α-helical barrels. Here the authors show that placing β-branched aliphatic residues along the lumen yields stable and open α-helical barrels, which is of interest for the rational design of functional proteins; whereas, the absence of β-branched side chains leads to unusual low-symmetry α-helical bundles

How can process-based modeling improve peat CO2 and N2O emission factors for oil palm plantations?

Oil palm plantations on peat and associated drainage generate sizeable GHG emissions. Current IPCC default emission factors (EF) for oil palm on organic soil are based on a very limited number of observations from young plantations, thereby resulting in large uncertainties in emissions estimates. To explore the potential of process-based modeling to refine oil palm peat CO2 and N2O EFs, we simulated peat GHG emissions and biogeophysical variables over 30 years in plantations of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The DNDC model simulated well the magnitude of C inputs (litterfall and root mortality) and dynamics of annual heterotrophic respiration and peat decomposition N2O fluxes. The modeled peat onsite CO2-C EF was lower than the IPCC default (11 Mg C ha−1 yr−1) and decreased from 7.7 ± 0.4 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 in the first decade to 3.0 ± 0.2 and 1.8 ± 0.3 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 in the second and third decades of the rotation. The modeled N2O-N EF from peat decomposition was higher than the IPCC default (1.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1) and increased from 3.5 ± 0.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in the first decade to 4.7–4.6 ± 0.5 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in the following ones. Modeled fertilizer-induced N2O emissions were minimal and much less than 1.6% of N inputs recommended by the IPCC in wet climates regardless of soil type. Temporal variations in EFs were strongly linked to soil C:N ratio and soil mineral N content for CO2 and fertilizer-induced N2O emissions, and to precipitation, water table level and soil NH4+ content for peat decomposition N2O emissions. These results suggest that current IPCC EFs for oil palm on organic soil could over-estimate peat onsite CO2 emissions and underestimate peat decomposition N2O emissions and that temporal variation in emissions should be considered for further improvement of EFs

Copyright in the Age of Anything Goes

This panel will offer a scenario based approach to assist faculty and institutions in understanding copyright beginning with a brief overview of the origins and goals of the academic Fair Use doctrine with a focus on institutional responsibility for developing and applying protocols and procedures that address the doctrine. Topics covered by the panel will include: issues surrounding the recent copyright case against Georgia State University (including the impact of the court’s decision and how your institution can avoid the related pitfalls); an exploration of zero risk, bright-line copyright solutions; how to build a campus culture of compliance; and managing your college’s copyrights as an IP (intellectual property) creator. Sources and references related to institutional best practices will be provided

Impact of Porosity Type on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Selectively Laser Melted IN718 Lattice Structures

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), one of the most employed additive manufacturing techniques for metals, has opened new dimensions in realizing strong and weight reducing structures. In this study, Inconel 718 (IN718) unit cell designs, were fabricated through the LPBF technique and analyzed. Among the plethora of lattice structures in existence, BCC, BCC-Z, FCC, FCC-Z, Gyroid, Diamond and Schwarz structures have been selected to focus on. A relationship between the mechanical properties including yield strength, failure stress and strain, and hardness with each type of unit cell was established. Also, the effect of the possible defects on the hardness value was examined using microstructural analysis on samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was also performed to examine the possible defects and its effect on the hardness of the as-built part. The SEM images of the grain structures indicated higher levels of isotropy in Gyroid, and Diamond samples compared to the rest of the samples which relates to the load bearing capacities of each unit cell structure. A similar trend was observed in terms of the uniformity of meltpool which can be linked with the consistency in yield characteristics. Further, Diamond and BCC-Z structures displayed high values of hardness in comparison with rest of the samples.Mechanical Engineerin