Role of Geographical Information System (GIS) for Eco-city Planning: A Review

The rapid expansion of cities expected to rise within population and global economic growth is increasing additional demand on natural resource that leads to land-use changes in particularly cities. In the present scenario, cities are becoming the center of human activities. Cities in developing countries become overpopulated and over-crowded as a result of the migration of population from rural to urban due to job opportunities, educational facilities, availability of health facilities etc. This has resulted in ever-growing size of cities, informal settlements environmental pollution, destruction of ecological structure and scarcity of natural resources and also leads to traffic congestion, housing shortage, unaffordable housing prices, crowded streets, degraded ecosystem, increasing demands for waste disposal and many others. Eco-cities have a strong potential to solve the urban challenges and derive to manage the environment and natural resources. This review article presents the brief on innovative uses of GIS techniques for eco-city planning. The purpose of this article is to provide information about GIS tool for planners, engineers and others to think about the impact of urban sprawl and to develop eco-city for sustainable development