The investment policy and regional development of Serbia in the transition period

Our country can compensate the lagging in the economic development in relation to the EU countries as well as to the countries of the region only by increasing the economy's competitiveness, depending to a great extent on the possibilities of the economic entities investment in improving the attributes of the existing and development of new products and services, as well as on introducing modern technology and technological procedures. The transition program conducted by former socialist countries was highly based on foreign direct investments (FDI) enabling these countries the successful inclusion into global flows of international production and overall economy. In this paper the possibilities and sources of our economy investing will be analyzed and the influence on enhancement of the overall and regional competitiveness of the companies as a necessary condition for increasing the export and the overall economic development of the country

Impact of economic policy on the management of competitiveness of the agriculture sector in Serbia

There is a tendency of increase and change in the structure of demand for the products from agricultural sector in the modern global environment. Such situation demands market orientation of agricultural producers, from business entities to individual agricultural holdings, in order to offer the appropriate response to the changes in the environment conditions and new market demands. The entrance and survival in the developed world market demand raising the competitiveness of agricultural sector which cannot be based on the low input prices alone (land, workforce), but the application of modern knowledge and innovation, that is, the synergistic effect of all the competition factors. For their part, the state and local governments should create an encouraging social and economic environment for agriculture and rural development, especially in undeveloped regions and areas of the Republic of Serbia. The undeniable agricultural potentials can significantly contribute to foreign trade balance improvement, public debt reduction, unemployment decrease and increase of the living standard of the population

Korporativna pripadnost zaposlenih - formula uspeha organizacije

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Antioxidant activity of pea protein hydrolysates produced by batch fermentation with lactic acid bacteria

Nine Lactobacillus strains known for surface proteinase activity were chosen from our collection and tested for their ability to grow in pea seed protein-based medium, and to hydrolyze purified pea proteins in order to produce peptides with antioxidant (AO) activity. Two strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10 and Lactobacillus zeae LMG17315, exhibited strong proteolytic activity against pea proteins. The AO activity of the pea hydrolysate fraction, MW lt 10 kDa, obtained by the fermentation of purified pea proteins with Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10, was tested by standard spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, Fe3+-reducing capacity) and the recently developed direct current (DC) polarographic assay. The low molecular weight fraction of the obtained hydrolysate was separated using ion exchange chromatography, while the AO activity of eluted fractions was determined by means of a sensitive DC polarographic assay without previous concentration of samples. Results revealed that the fraction present in low abundance that contained basic peptides possessed the highest antioxidant activity. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10 should be further investigated as a candidate strain for large-scale production of bioactive peptides from legume proteins

Application of different Lactobacillus strains in production pea seed protein hydrolysates with antioxidative activity

In recent years antioxidant properties of plant derived protein hydrolysates were established. Antioxidative activity of these hydrolysates largely depends on specificity of the proteinase used for hydrolysis, duration of proteinase treatment, as well as composition and molecular weight of hydrolysis derived peptides. In order to explore potential use of nine proteinase containing Lactobacillus strains in production of antioxidative peptides we tested their ability to hydrolyze lyophilized hydrosoluble protein fraction from dehulled and defatted dry pea seeds (Pisum sativum), cultivar NS Mraz. We also developed plant protein based liquid medium for cultivation of lactobacilli which was later used as starter for hydrolysis reaction in larger volume. We found that all nine strains could hydrolyze plant hydrosoluble fraction of pea seed proteins but with different efficiency. We also examined the effect of duration of hydrolysis on antioxidative activity in <10kDa fraction of obtained peptide extracts, using most proteolyticaly active strain, human vaginal isolate Lactobacillus rhamnosus T10. General conclusion was that antioxidative activity was positively correlated with increase of hydrolysis duration and amount of small peptides, which reached up to 34% of total proteins after 24h of hydrolysis treatment

Antioxidant Activity of Pea Protein Hydrolysates Produced by Batch Fermentation with Lactic Acid Bacteria

Nine Lactobacillus strains known for surface proteinase activity were chosen from our collection and tested for their ability to grow in pea seed protein-based medium, and to hydrolyze purified pea proteins in order to produce peptides with antioxidant (AO) activity. Two strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10 and Lactobacillus zeae LMG17315, exhibited strong proteolytic activity against pea proteins. The AO activity of the pea hydrolysate fraction, MW lt 10 kDa, obtained by the fermentation of purified pea proteins with Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10, was tested by standard spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, Fe3+-reducing capacity) and the recently developed direct current (DC) polarographic assay. The low molecular weight fraction of the obtained hydrolysate was separated using ion exchange chromatography, while the AO activity of eluted fractions was determined by means of a sensitive DC polarographic assay without previous concentration of samples. Results revealed that the fraction present in low abundance that contained basic peptides possessed the highest antioxidant activity. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that Lactobacillus rhamnosus BGT10 should be further investigated as a candidate strain for large-scale production of bioactive peptides from legume proteins

Национална економија

Serbian. У овом одељку разматрају се опште карактеристике националне економије. У првом делу приказан је њен историјски развој, који је обухватио привреду у средњовековној српској држави Немањића, преко развоја у оквирима турске феудалне државе, изградње самосталне српске државе након српских устанака и ослобођења од Турске, па до развоја у савременим условима 20. и 21. века. Тај вишевековни развој протицао је у сталним напорима да се превазиђе наслеђена економска заосталост, да се унапреди и модернизује привреда, односно да се претежно аграрна земља претвори у земљу с модерном индустријском привредом, али и уз отпоре изражене у супротној тенденцији да се одржи аграрни, односно сељачки карактер земље. Ипак, био је то процес који се уз мање или више осцилација, али у целини успешно одвијао све до пред крај 20. века. Међутим, почев од последње деценије претходног века земља је током процеса транзиције била деиндустријализована, тако да је сада на нивоу развоја од пре неколико деценија, и стоји пред поновним захтевима за (ре)индустријализацијом. У другом делу разматрају се актуелне карактеристике привреде Србије, подељене у четири сектора. English. In this chapter the main characteristics of the national economy will be considered. In the first part there is explored its historical development. It involves the economy of the middle century Nemanjićs’ Serbian state, through the development in the framework of Turkish feudal state, the building of independent Serbian state after the Serbian uprisings and liberation from Turkey, up to development in modern circumstances of 20th and 21st centuries. This many centuries development characterize constant efforts to overcome the inherited economic backwardness, to move up and modernize the economy, i.e. to transform the predominantly agrarian state to the state with modern manufacturing economy, but also with resistances represented in opposite tendency to keep agrarian, i.e. peasant character of the state. Although, it was the process, that successfully carried out until to last decade of 20th century. But, since this decade the state was deindustrialized through the transition process, so it is now on the level of some decade before, and state is confronted with the repeated need for reindustrialization. In the second part of this chapter the actual characteristics of the Serbian economy are considered, divided in four sectors

THE USE OF INTEGRATIVE MULTI-OMICS APPROACH IN CULTIVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GUT BACTERIA RELATED TO MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS AS A SOURCE FOR NEXT GENERATION PROBIOTICS

There has been an epidemic of various non-communicable degenerative and autoimmune diseases, strongly associated with the modern lifestyle. Among them, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders represent a huge burden on society. Recently, all these diseases have been associated with the gut microbiota dysbiosis. Gut microbiota-host interaction research has been greatly improved due to development of molecular high-throughput techniques based on various ‘omics’ techniques coupled with bioinformatics and data science developments. However, the mechanisms of the host–microbiota crosstalk are still poorly understood. The NextGenBiotics project proposes an innovative integrative multi-omics research strategy for deciphering the mechanism behind the cross-talk among microbiota and gut-brain-axis. The 118 novel NGPs candidates belonging to Dorea sp., Blautia sp., Bacteroides sp., Roseburia sp., Sellimonas sp., Faecalicatena sp., Phascolarctobacterium faecium, and Faecalimonas sp. were cultivated. The 25 NGPs with confirmed safe status and potential probiotic potential were screened in C. elegans model for their effects on behavioural and neuronal activity. The most prominent candidates with ability to upregulate expression of genes involved in neurotransmiting are further tested in EAE (an animal model for MS) and CUMS depression model. The specific microbiota-derived metabolites have been identified as potential neuro- and psycho-biotics. The NextGenBiotics is highly ambitious project, dedicated to pioneering work in the field of multi-omics studies related to the cultivation of novel anaerobic NGPs and the studying of their effect on MGBA. This concept enabled studying bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and brain on the functional level that will significantly contribute to the growing body data related to MGBA. The results obtained during NextGenBiotics determined the genes/metabolites and the associated mechanisms involved in health-promoting effects of NGPs in MGBA beyond stateof- the-art, broadening the scientific knowledge and opening up the possible novel therapeutic approaches in prevention and therapy of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.Book of abstract: From biotechnology to human and planetary health XIII congress of microbiologists of Serbia with international participation Mikromed regio 5, ums series 24: 4th – 6th april 2024, Mona Plaza hotel, Belgrade, Serbi

THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSULTING IN CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Modern business is characterized by risk and uncertainty, and such an environment is reflected in the decisions taken by managers. On the other hand, management consulting is one of the most important management techniques developed over the last fifty years. The secondary effect of this invention is the rapid development of new frameworks, tools, and techniques improving the operations in a number of companies. Exposure of consulting organizations to varying combinations of business circumstances and experiences of different companies have allowed for the accumulation of valuable knowledge and business experience. From this coupling, or interaction of knowledge and experience of consulting companies, on the one hand and the needs of management companies to recognize their role and hire consultants, on the other hand, developed the importance of financial consulting and auditing. Rational management processes cannot be imagined without reliable information provided by the audit, especially as the strategic management includes the control phase. The importance and relationship between consulting and management in companies that do business according to modern principles is a central topic of consideration in this paper

A multiple-criteria approach for the evaluation of comparative indicators of sustainable tourism

In this paper, a multiple-criteria approach has been applied to evaluate and rank types of development indicators of sustainable tourism. Groups of indicators whose comparison was presented through evaluation and prioritization are economy, the satisfaction of tourists, social and cultural elements, as well as environmental ones. The types of indicators discussed in the paper are designed to provide guidelines for measuring the degree of compliance. Using Pivot Pairwise Relatives Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA) method we have defined the evaluation of the mentioned indicators and their importance. The primary goal of the paper is to demonstrate the practical sides of the Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods in this sort of analysis while highlighting the most crucial sustainable tourism indicators