Prinos zrna različitih sorti pšenice u organskoj proizvodnji u zavisnosti od rizosferne mikroflore

The aim of this paper is testing the productivity of various wheat varieties depending on the rhizosphere microflora in terms of organic cultivation technology. The highest yield in the first year was recorded in cv spelt, and in the second year at ordinary soft wheat varieties for which it was established and greater variation in yield compared to alternative types of wheat varieties. The lowest yield was detected among varieties of durum wheat, Dolap, in which it recorded the lowest number of investigated microbial groups. By testing the significance of regression model was found a statistically significant change in the yield of wheat depending on the number of Azotobacter (r = 0.76), but not the total number of microorganisms (r=0,24).Cilj rada je ispitivanje produktivnosti različitih sorti pšenice u zavisnosti od rizosferne mikroflore u uslovima organske tehnologije gajenja. Najveći prinos zrna u prvoj godini zabeležen je kod sorte krupnika, a u drugoj godini kod sorte obične meke pšenice kod koje je ustanovljeno i veće variranje prinosa u poređenju sa ispitivanim sortama alternativnih vrsta pšenice. Najmanji prinos zrna ustanovljen je kod sorte tvrde pšenice, Dolap, kod koje je zabeležen najmanji broj ispitivanih grupa mikroorganizama. Testiranjem značajnosti regresionog modela ustanovljeno je postojanje statistički značajne promene prinosa pšenice u zavisnosti od brojnosti Azotobakter-a (r=0,76), ali ne i od ukupnog broja mikroorganizama (r=0,24)

Primena mulitipnih inokulata u održivoj proizvodnji pšenice

The experiments were carried out three alternative varieties of wheat Tr. aestivum ssp. compactumima, Triticum spelt and Triticum durum three years of research with the application of organic fertilizers and microbial inoculum in order to maintain the biological value of the land. In the study determined the most important microbiological parameters changes in soil (total number of microbes and Azotobacter) and grain yield. At the end, it was concluded that wheat variety Tr.aestivum ssp. compactum has the best association with the rhizosphere population, and that the variety Triticum spelta has the highest grain yields under different agroecological conditions.U istraživanjima su korišćene tri alternativne sorte pšenice Tr. aestivum ssp. compactumima, Triticum spelta, i Triticum durum u tri godine istraživanja sa primenom organskog đubriva i mikrobiološkog inokulata u cilju održavanja biogenosti zemljišta. U toku istraživanja određivani su najznačajniji mikrobiološki parametri promena u zemljištu (ukupan broj mikroba i brojnost azotobaktera), kao i visina prinosa gajenih biljaka. Na kraju rada zaključeno je da sorta Tr.aestivum ssp. compactumima ima najbolju asocijaciju sa rizosfernom populacijom, a da sorta Triticum spelta ostvaruje najveće prinose u različitim agroekološkim uslovima

Uticaj različitih varijanti đubrenja na kvantitet i kvalitet zrna pšenice

The research examined the effect of different ways of fertilization on the 1000 grain yield and protein content of wheat. For research was used wheat variety Pobeda. The experiment was set in two variants with and without diazotrophs. For both variants was performed before seeding fertilization and tilled complex NPK fertilizer in four levels with a ratio of nutrients 8:24:16 and variant Đ2 250 kg ha-1, Đ3-375 kg ha-1 and Đ4 500 kg ha-1. During supplemental feeding wheat entered the urea in an amount of Đ2-108 kg ha-1 Đ3-196 kg ha-1 Đ4-260 kg ha-1. Inoculation of seeds with a mixture of different types of diazotrophs (Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Pseudomonas fluorosciencs, Bacillus subtilis) was conducted before seeding. The same a mixture of diazotrophe was conducted with foliar treatment in the phase of tillering in an amount of tillering 5 l ha-1. At the end of the vegetation it has been established that the studied traits were increased in the variant with the application diazotrophs in all variants of fertilization. 1000 grain weight was increased by 5,54%. The highest 1000 grain weight was the variants Đ2 39,5 g. The height yield with inoculation was increased by 7.78%. There is a correlative relationship between nitrogen dose and the yield. The regression line shows the trend of rising yields, which was not in high correlation with large amounts of mineral nitrogen. The protein content was increased by 7.38%.U istraživanjima je ispitivan uticaj različitih načina đubrenja na masu 1000 zrna, visinu prinosa pšenice i sadržaj proteina. Za istraživanja se koristila pšenica sorte Pobeda. Ogled je postavljen u dve varijante sa i bez primene diazotrofa. Za obe varijante ogleda obavljeno je predsetveno đubrenje i zaorano kompleksno NPK mineralno đubrivo u četiri nivoa sa odnosom hraniva 8:24:16 i to za varijantu Đ2 250 kg ha-1, Đ3-375 kg ha-1 i Đ4 500 kg ha-1. Prilikom prihrane pšenice uneta je urea u količini Đ2-108 kg ha-1 Đ3-196 kg ha-1 Đ4-260 kg ha-1. Pred setvu je obavljena inokulacija semena sa smešom različitih vrsta diazotrofa Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Pseudomonas fluorosciencs, Bacillus subtilis. Istom smešom diazotrofa je obavljen folijarni tretman u fazi vlatanja u količini od 5 l ha-1. Na kraju vegetacije utvrđeno je da su ispitivane osobine bile povećane u varijanti sa primenom diazotrofa u svim varijantama đubrenja. Masa 1000 zrna bila povećana za 5,54%. Najveća masa 1000 zrna bila pri đubrenju Đ2 39,5 g. Visina prinosa pri inokulaciji bila je poveća za 7,78%. Postojala je korelativna zavisnost između količina primenjenog azota i visine prinosa, a linija regresije pokazuje trend rasta prinosa koji nije bio u visokoj korelaciji sa velikim količinama mineralnog azota. Sadržaj proteina bio je povećan za 7,38%

Strateška opredeljenja za multifunkcionalni koncept poljoprivrede i očuvanja životne sredine

The concept of multifunctional agriculture implies the extension of the usual understanding of agriculture, especially in terms of potentiation of the socio-economic, cultural, and ecological importance. Namely that restrictions had conventional understanding of agriculture, integral, sustainable and organic agriculture caused the creation of a new concept, which would include primary agricultural production with emphasis on the protection of the environment. Due to the large number of factors that determine the necessary institutional support with a strong social consensus. In this sense, an act of political affiliation at the end of the last decade the European Union promote a model of rural development (CAP), which it multifunctional character of European agriculture and its role in the development of economy and society. Bearing in mind the general social trends and preferences in our country, which is understandably important concept took place in the further development of strategic commitments. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of applying the concept of multifunctional development of agriculture in Serbia in accordance with the ideas and principles of preservation of the environment which, it noted, to a large extent still preserved and is not polluted.Концепт мултифункционалне пољопривреде подразумева проширивање уобичајеног поимања пољопривреде, нарочито у смислу потенцирања њеног социо-економског, кутлурног и еколошког значаја. Наиме ограничења која су имала конвенционална схватања пољопривреде, интегрална, одржива и органска пољопривреда условили су стварање новог концепта који би обухватио примарну пољопривредну производњу са акцентом на заштити животне средине. Због великог броја чинилаца који је детерминишу важна је институционална подршка уз јак друштвени консензус. У том смислу као акт политичког опредељења још крајем прошле деценије је и Европска унија промовисала модел руралног развоја (CAP) који предпоставља мултифункционални карактер европске пољопривреде и њену развојну улогу у привреди и друштву. Имајући у виду опште друштвене тенденције и јавно изнета опредељења, разумљиво је што концепт заузео важно место у стратешким циљевима даљег развоја у нашој земљи. Циљ рада је да укаже на значај примене мултифункционалног концепта развоја пољопривре у Србији у складу са идејом и начелима очувања животне средине која је, ваља истаћи, у великој мери још увек очувана и не загађена

Survey of Development Oriented Agricultural Husbandries on the Territory of LC Jasenovo

In the paper was given a review of agricultural production structure in village Jasenovo near Danube, according to survey data of development – oriented husbandries, conducted by the Institute of Agricultural Economics, using also data of official statistics and internal data of the local community. There can be concluded that development – oriented husbandries are oriented primarily toward to plant production, characterized by intensive crop production. In realization of incomes, livestock breeding does not participate significantly in it. Results of the survey were shown that there was significant number of households which deal with livestock production, but small number of them has been market-oriented

HYDROLOGICAL, SOIL AND MICROCLIMATE POTENTIAL ON THE TERRITORY OF PANČEVO IN FUNCTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

The climate is the result of work done by complex climatic systems and it affects the overall development of agriculture and society of a certain area. Climatic elements possess natural variability which can be found out in two ways: directly, using the meteorological measurements and indirectly, applying some other methods. Agricultural production of a certain area largely depends on its productive capability and the way of being used. The mere facts that the tissue of all living forms on Earth consists of 50 – 80 % of water and that all vital activities are done in the interiority of a living organism, speaks enough about the importance of water as a natural source of life. Regarding this, this paper analyses climatic parameters, pedological characteristics and water potentials in the function of evaluation of the specificity of this agricultural area concerning these characteristics and their influence on agriculture. Using the available data of “Tamis” Institute, The Republic Hydrometeorological Service, Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, and the internal data of the municipality of Pancevo, the general conclusion is that this area is characterized by favourable climatic parameters , quality soil of high productive capability and quite favourable water resources. The conditions are favourable for an intensive and profitable agricultural production; therefore, the development of this area should be directed towards intensifying agricultural production by introducing complex agrotechnical and hydromeliorative measures

State and Conditions for Tourist Development at the Spa Vrujci

Numerous thermal springs which abounds Serbia provided the basis for planning the development of spa tourism. One of the potentially very attractive is also Spa Vrujci, which is currently not enough and do not adequately properly used. Located in the Municipality of Mionica, the spa has been left to chaotic development, with no clear policies for tourist development, as well as the absence of any marketing and management approaches at the destination. All these facts affected the tourism that does not give effect to any objective based on the available resources that could be. In the paper work was identified the tourist resources of Spas Vrujci on the basis which could make appropriate recommendations for possible strategic goals in its future tourist development

State and Conditions for Tourist Development at the Spa Vrujci

Numerous thermal springs which abounds Serbia provided the basis for planning the development of spa tourism. One of the potentially very attractive is also Spa Vrujci, which is currently not enough and do not adequately properly used. Located in the Municipality of Mionica, the spa has been left to chaotic development, with no clear policies for tourist development, as well as the absence of any marketing and management approaches at the destination. All these facts affected the tourism that does not give effect to any objective based on the available resources that could be. In the paper work was identified the tourist resources of Spas Vrujci on the basis which could make appropriate recommendations for possible strategic goals in its future tourist development

Fruit Production of Upper Danube by Type of Ownership

The main objective of the research in this paper is defined ownership structure of fruit production in the territory of the Upper Danube, while understanding the diversity of municipalities previously mentioned characteristics. Accordingly, based on the average values , the survey of fruit production by type of ownership over the fruit plantations (companies, cooperatives and family farms) in the Upper Danube municipalities of Serbia (Apatin, Sombor, Bač and Bačka Palanka) since 2007 to 2011. It was pointed out that the share of land under orchards in the usable agricultural area of about 4.7%. The largest share of the average area of orchards (average values for the period 2007-2011) companies, cooperatives and family farms in the average agricultural area achieves Bačka Palanka (1.3%), while the average area under orchards mostly owned by family farms (in Apatin 100%). Bač resulted the highest average yield per tree for apples (40.1 kg/tree) and plums (27.9 kg/tree)

Impact of Globalization of Vegetable Crops Production Per Capita in Serbia (2000-2012)

Subject of this paper is to introduce the concept of globalization in general, and the possibility of making different strategies of development of this sector in Serbia. It also states the importance of the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which can be said with certainty that it is initiator of the globalization of all sectors of the economy. The aim of the study was to determine the strength of the globalization on agriculture in Serbia. Finally, given is the production of selected vegetables (potatoes, beans, peppers and tomatoes) in Serbia in the period 2000 - 2012 total and by population. Research methods are based on a literature search of specify themes, consultation with experts in agriculture and application of mathematical and statistical methods (rate of change)