継承語年少学習者と第二言語学習者 : ロシア語教育の方法

<p>(G1) (Normal control group); (G2) (Ulcer control group); (G3) (Omeprazole); (G4) (62.5 mg/kg), (G5) (125 mg/kg), (G6) (250 mg/kg) and (G7) (500 mg/kg) of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract. HSP70 protein was over-expressed in rats pre-treated with omeprazole or <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract (brown color shows over-expression of HSP70 protein) (magnification 20×). There were 6 rats in each group of experiment. The Image J program was used to evaluate protein expression. All values are expressed as the means ± the standard error of mean. The mean difference was significant at the <i>p < 0</i>.<i>05</i> level compared to the cancer control group.</p

<総説>

家族看護学が看護の専門領域として確立され発展していくため,今後の研究の方向性を明らかにしたいと,国内外の家族および家族看護学に関する文献の数量的動向と研究領域別文献概観を行った結果,国内外ともに家族,家族の健康,家族援助に関する研究報告は増加傾向にあり,家族への関心の高まりと実践上の必要性が反映されていた。また,わが国では高齢化社会における家族援助の要求が家族看護学の確立を促していること,今後は家族を対象とした評価方法の開発や援助に関する予防的・実践的研究が求められていることが示唆された。The review of the literature on family nursing through numerical trend and research fields was done to know how to establish and develop nursing specialty in this area. The followings were suggested. 1) The researches concerning family, family health, and family practice were increasing in both inside and outside of Japan. 2) ln U. S. A., family nursing was developed in the field of maternal-child and psychiatric nursing, introducing family system theory. In Japan family nursing is rather essential in the field of home care for the aeed, due to aging population. 3) Further researches on development of assessment tool, intervention and social support are necessary, especially by preventive and practical points of view

Effects of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> on the histology of the stomach wall in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.

<p>(G1) (Normal control group); (G2) (Ulcer control group); (G3) (Omeprazole); (G4) (62.5 mg/kg), (G5) (125 mg/kg), (G6) (250 mg/kg) and (G7) (500 mg/kg) of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract. There were 6 rats in each group of experiment. The rats in the experimental groups (groups 4–7) exhibited markedly better protection of the gastric mucosa, as shown by the reduced ulcer area (white arrow), submucosal edema and leucocyte infiltration (blue arrow) of the submucosal layer (H&E staining magnification 10<i>×</i>).</p

Effects of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaf extract ethanol extract on the body (liver and kidney) weights of male and female rats.

<p>Effects of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaf extract ethanol extract on the body (liver and kidney) weights of male and female rats.</p

Effect of the <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaf extracts on the pH of gastric content, mucus weight, ulcer area, and % inhibition of ulcer area in stomach.

<p>Effect of the <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaf extracts on the pH of gastric content, mucus weight, ulcer area, and % inhibition of ulcer area in stomach.</p

DPPH free radical scavenging activity.

<p>DPPH free radical scavenging activity (Inhibition%) of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> ethanolic extract compared to synthetic reference standards (ascorbic acid, BHT, quercetin, and gallic acid). The data are represented as the mean ± SEM.</p

Effects of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> on gastric tissue glycoprotein-PAS staining in ethanol-induced gastric injury rats.

<p>(G1) (Normal control group); (G) (Ulcer control group); (G3) (Omeprazole); (G4) (62.5 mg/kg), (G5) (125 mg/kg), (G6) (250 mg/kg) and (G7) (500 mg/kg) of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract. Animals pre-treated with omeprazole or <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract exhibited intense glycoprotein staining (white arrow) (PAS stain magnification 20×). There were 6 rats in each group of experiment.</p

Total antioxidant activity.

<p>Total antioxidant activity of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> ethanolic extracts with synthetic reference standards (ascorbic acid, BHT, quercetin, and gallic acid) as determined by FRAP assay. The data are represented as the mean ± SEM.</p

The Mass spectrum (Triple quad QQQ MS ESI⁺) and identified chemical structure in <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaves, F2.

<p>The Mass spectrum (Triple quad QQQ MS ESI⁺) and identified chemical structure in <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> leaves, F2.</p

The effect of different concentrations of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> fraction (F2) on the viability of WRl-68.

<p>The Data (In triplicate) were expressed as mean ± SEM.</p