The anharmonic vibration of Li in lithium amide

A large amplitude rattling-type anharmonic vibration of Li is possible without guest-host type structure, as we report here for tetragonal LiNH2 crystal. The low temperature (0.4–300 K) specific heat capacity and Raman spectroscopy support the phonon model of site-specific Li activities governed by the symmetry of the potential energy distribution around the Li atoms in LiNH2, which yields the anharmonic Li3 vibration (optical) in one direction (either X or Y axis of the crystal), while the Li1 and Li2 atoms remain silent. Our finding may help to correlate ionic conductivity, thermal, and hydrogenation properties of LiNH2

Pattern of disease progression during third-line or later chemotherapy with nivolumab associated with poor prognosis in advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective study in Japan

[Background] Accelerated tumor growth during immunotherapy in pre-existing measurable lesions, hyperprogressive disease (HPD), has been reported. However, progression of non-measurable lesions and new lesions are frequently observed in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). [Methods] This retrospective study involved AGC patients at 24 Japanese institutions who had measurable lesions and received nivolumab after ≥ 2 lines of chemotherapy. HPD was defined as a ≥ two-fold increase in the tumor growth rate of measurable lesions. The pattern of disease progression was classified according to new lesions in different organs and ascites appeared/increase of ascites. [Results] Of 245 patients, 147 (60.0%) showed progressive disease (PD) as the best response and 41 (16.7%) showed HPD during nivolumab monotherapy. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients with HPD and those with PD other than HPD (median OS 5.0 vs 4.8 months; hazard ratio [HR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6–1.5; p = 1.0). Fifty-three patients developed new lesions in different organs and 58 had appearance/increase of ascites; these patients showed shorter OS than those without each of these features (median OS 3.3 vs 7.1 months, HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7, p = 0.0031 for new lesions, and 3.0 vs 7.8 months, HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.8, p < 0.0001 for ascites). Thirty-one patients who had both features showed the worst prognosis (median OS 2.6 months). [Conclusions] New lesions in different organs and appearance/increase of ascites, rather than the original definition of HPD, are the patterns of disease progression associated with poor prognosis in AGC patients receiving nivolumab whose best response was PD

DsTau: Study of tau neutrino production with 400 GeV protons from the CERN-SPS

In the DsTau experiment at the CERN SPS, an independent and direct way to measure tau neutrino production following high energy proton interactions was proposed. As the main source of tau neutrinos is a decay of Ds mesons, produced in proton-nucleus interactions, the project aims at measuring a differential cross section of this reaction. The experimental method is based on a use of high resolution emulsion detectors for effective registration of events with short lived particle decays. Here we present the motivation of the study, details of the experimental technique, and the first results of the analysis of the data collected during test runs, which prove feasibility of the full scale study of the process in future

異教科で協働できる教員を育成するための実践的研究（1） : 教科教育学専攻の共通科目の始動を通じて

本研究は，平成28 年度より始まった「教科教育学専攻」における新しい共通科目（「教科教育学研究方法論」，「教科教育学融合プロジェクト」，「教科教育学の実践的展開」，「教科教育学の実践的検証」）が始動する際に得られた知見を分析・考察し報告するもので，その全容は平成29 年３月に公開予定のホームページで公表される。本報告書は，その研究の要旨を，(1)　経緯について，(2)　各教科について，(3)　実践からの考察，(4)　理論からの考察，(5)　学生の振り返りからの考察の五点から述べる

Ideas for macroeconomic surveillance: A comparative text analysis of country reports by global and regional financial organizations

Institutional proliferation in global financial order raises concerns about a failure of coordination between global and regional organizations and the resulting confusion and conflict. One area of concern is macroeconomic surveillance, which is crucial for the detection of financial crises as a task subject to institutional overlaps. The existing literature does not provide systematic evidence on the extent and determinants of such coordination. To fill this lacuna, we compare the International Monetary Fund and the ASEAN Plus Three Macroeconomic Research Office, a surveillance agency in East Asia, using their country reports as outcomes of their surveillance of East Asian countries. We conduct dictionary-based text analyses to assess the usage patterns of key terms concerning particular economic ideas. The results demonstrate substantial similarities between the country reports as well as some residual differences. These findings suggest that they engage in informal coordination based on focal-point effects through the use of general and regional economic ideas for multifaceted surveillance. They further suggest that informality permits them to exercise discretion in deciding policy categories for aligned and autonomous actions, thereby providing an efficient solution to an autonomy–coordination dilemma. Through these discussions, our study provides important implications for researchers and member governments