Acetophenone Monomers from Acronychia trifoliolata

Seven new [acronyculatins I-O (1-7)] and four known acetophenone monomers were isolated from a CH 3 OH/CH 2 Cl 2 (1:1) extract (N089419) of Acronychia trifoliolata provided by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI, Frederick, MD, USA). Their structures were characterized by using various NMR and HRMS techniques. Among the known compounds, the structure of acronyculatin B (8) was revised. Some of the isolated compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines. While most of the tested compounds were not cytotoxic, acronyculatins I (1) and J (2) showed moderate antiproliferative activity

Distribution pattern of Armadillidae species (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) on the Izu Islands, Japan

Faunal studies of oceanic islands provide unique opportunities to study ecology and evolution. Four Armadillidae taxa were recorded from the Izu Islands, a group of oceanic islands off the coast of Japan. The distributions of these taxa and a phylogenetic tree are based on molecular data for 249 specimens from 88 sites. The Spherillo russoi (Arcangeli, 1927) species complex is distributed widely throughout these islands, and dispersal may have occurred via oceanic currents. On the nearby Izuoshima and Toshima Islands, Spherillo dorsalis (Iwamoto, 1943) may have recently migrated from the Izu Peninsula either via currents or been transported by human activity. In the middle islands, Shikinejima, Kozushima, Miyakejima, and Mikurajima, Venezillo hasegawai (Nunomura, 1991) was found, which may be derived from Spherillo obscurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) distributed in the Kanto region on the mainland. On the most southern and distant Hachijojima Island, Spherillo punctatus Nunomura, 2007 was found, and it does not differ genetically from specimens from Izenajima and Tokunoshima Islands in the Nansei Island Group, despite an approximate 1,000-km distance between them; this species may have been transferred by human activity. Our study showed that the Armadillidae assemblages in the Izu Islands were formed by several migration routes

Guideline for Lipid Nutrition Using “My Plate”

Lipid nutrition is a key subject to be solved for prevention of chronic and lifestyle-related diseases. It is well knownfor the general public that the excessive intake of fats and oils causes obesity and metabolic syndrome. However theimportance of essential fatty acid balance for prevention of inflammatory and allergic diseases is not understood. Thus thequality of dietary fats and oils are remained to be recognized. Both the Japanese Food Balance Guide (2005) and the UnitedStates “My Plate” (2011) did not contain lipid nutrition at all. Therefore we made the improve version of “My Plate” todisplay the essential fatty acid balance (n-6 and n-3) contained in the foods. To evaluate the new version, we performedthe questionnaire survey for the students with the qualification of the dietician. They indicated the necessity of the foodguideline containing lipid nutrition and the usability of improve version of “My Plate”

Acetophenone Monomers from Acronychia trifoliolata

Seven new [acronyculatins I–O (1–7)] and four known acetophenone monomers were isolated from a CH(3)OH/CH(2)Cl(2) (1:1) extract (N089419) of Acronychia trifoliolata provided by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI, Frederick, MD, USA). Their structures were characterized by using various NMR and HRMS techniques. Among the known compounds, the structure of acronyculatin B (8) was revised. Some of the isolated compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines. While most of the tested compounds were not cytotoxic, acronyculatins I (1) and J (2) showed moderate antiproliferative activity

Corymbulosins D–H, 2‑Hydroxy- and 2‑Oxo-clerodane Diterpenes from the Bark of <i>Laetia corymbulosa</i>

A bioactive CH₃OH–CH₂Cl₂ (1:1) extract of the bark of <i>Laetia corymbulosa</i> provided five new clerodane diterpenes with an isozuelanin skeleton, designated as corymbulosins D–H (<b>1</b>–<b>5</b>), as well as the known corymbulosins B (<b>6</b>) and C (<b>7</b>), for which the relative configurations were not previously determined. The structures of <b>1</b>–<b>5</b> were characterized on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and HRMS analysis. The absolute configurations of all isolated compounds <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were verified through chemical methods, including modified Mosher esterifications or oxidation of the hydroxy group at C-2, ECD experiments, and spectroscopic data comparison. The isolated compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against a small panel of human cancer cell lines