Submodels of Nonlinear Grassmann Sigma Models in Any Dimension and Conserved Currents, Exact Solutions

In the preceding paper(hep-th/9806084), we constructed submodels of nonlinear Grassmann sigma models in any dimension and, moreover, an infinite number of conserved currents and a wide class of exact solutions. In this paper, we first construct almost all conserved currents for the submodels and all ones for the one of ${\bf C}P^1$-model. We next review the Smirnov and Sobolev construction for the equations of ${\bf C}P^1$-submodel and extend the equations, the S-S construction and conserved currents to the higher order ones.Comment: 13 pages, AMSLaTex; an new section and an appendix adde

The Chemistry of Protactinium. II : The Behavior of Pentavalent Protactinium in a Perchloric Acid Solution

Studies of the chemical behavior of protactinium (V) were carried out with the TTA-benzene extraction method, the ion exchange method and the filtration method. When the protactinium concentration is less than 10^M and the perchloric acid concentration is 0.3-2.0N, the reaction of TTA extraction may proceed as : PaO_m(OH)_n^+4HT⇄Pa(OH)T_4+(m+n-1)H_2O+(5-2m-n)H^+ where 2m+n is 3 and 4, or as : PaO_m(OH)_nT^+4HT⇄PaT_5+(m+n)H_2O+(4-2m-n)H^+ where 2m+n is 2 and 3. The cation exchange experiment gives results consistent with this conclusion. On the other hand, when the concentration of protactinium is higher than 10^M, the above relation does not hold, even in the 5N perchloric acid solution, because protactinium forms the aggregates to a great extent. This has been confirmed by the filtration experiment

Assessment of Broad-Leaved Forest Stand Management: Stock Densities, Thinning Costs and Profits over a 60-Year Rotation Period

There are many broad-leaved forests in Japan that were formerly managed for charcoal production, which have been abandoned for decades. Appropriate thinning can revitalize these forests if the cost balance of the management is positive. Two critical elements are the construction of spur roads to facilitate mechanized harvesting operations and management planning that considers stand properties such as the growing stock, species, and tree size distribution. We surveyed three abandoned former broad-leaved coppice stands; one coastal, one cool temperate and one warm temperate. The stock in all three stands exceeded 300 m3 ha-1, two- to three-fold the official forest registry data estimates. The dominant species in terms of tree numbers are Castanopsis sieboldii, Pieris japonica, and Quercus glauca. Medium-sized trees involve those well suited for firewood, i.e., Quercus acuta, Quercus glauca, Quercus serrata, etc. Each plot contained a few large trees that potentially have a high market value, e.g., Cinnamomum camphora, Zelkova serrata, Abies firma, etc. The average income from harvested trees was estimated to be 10200 JPY (Japanese Yen) m-3, whereas the thinning costs would be 3200 to 5400 JPY m-3, with the additional spur road construction costs. The management cost balance of a broad-leaved stand in a 60 year rotation was evaluated with both Net Present Value (NPV) (for interest rates of 1, 2, 3, and 4%) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). This balance was compared with that of a typical plantation stand of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and of a fast-growing plantation stand of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata). The estimated NPVs were largest for the fast-growing plantation stand, second largest for the typical plantation stand, and lowest for the broad-leaved stand with a NPV interest rate of 1 + %. However, the IRR of the broad-leaved stand was the highest, followed by that of the fast-growing plantation stand, while the IRR of the typical plantation stand was the lowest. This order was the same for NPVs assuming higher interest rates. 1 JPY=0.0086 € on April 29, 2019

Partial Privatization and Performance of Privatized Soes: The Evidence from Indonesia

Using 214 observations from data collected on 15 State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesian that have beenpartially privatized from year 1991 to 2007, the research employs Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the impactof partial privatization on the performance of these firms. It uses panel regression to investigate the factorsaffecting the success or failure of privatization.Unlike what mainstream theories propose and what most empirical studies report, given Indonesian context, thispaper finds that privatization positively affect the performance of partial privatized SOEs in almost all of theperformance measures employed, both in the short term and long term period. Further investigation also revealsthat residual state ownership has negative effect all the time, while the positive impact of the number ofgovernment commissioners tend to decrease; on the other hand the favorable impact of independentcommissioner has a tendency to be greater in the long term. Externally, although the magnitude of thecontribution is very marginal in comparison with other predictors, the positive impact of the size of stock marketalso continues to grow along time.The government commitment to improve the performance of privatized SOEs through better monitoring andadequate incentive plan and the development of capital market appear to be key success of privatization case inIndonesia. This paper suggests that, the gradual and partial Indonesian privatization can be an alternative modelfor other developing countries across the world.Keywords: Partial Privatization, Performance, Indonesia, State-Owned Enterprise

How Does Ownership Affect Bank Performance?-The Case Of Indian Commercial Banks

Financial system reforms in recent decades have significantly reshaped the Indian commercial banking system. Despite substantial changes in the ownership and structure of Indian Banking system, fewer reliable studies have been conducted to empirically investigate the effect of ownership on various performance dimensions. Drawing upon experiences of Indian commercial banks during 2002-2009, this study analyzes how state-owned, nationalized and domestic private banks are behind foreign banks, using data envelopment analysis together with three supplementary measures of performance. The findings suggest that the performance of domestic banks has not yet reached the level of foreign banks in terms of both cost and revenue efficiencies. Surprisingly, domestic private banks are the least efficient in the market. Though foreign banks outperform domestic counterparts in multiple aspects, their contribution for spreading banking services beyond metropolitan cities by establishing new branches is trivial and thus they make the least contribution to country’s financial deepening

Efficient host excitation in thiosilicate phosphors of lanthanide(III)-doped Y4(SiS4)3

Lanthanide (Ln)-doped yttrium thiosilicate (Y1−x Ln x )4(SiS4)3 is synthesized, and its optical properties are studied. In (Y1−x Tb x )4(SiS4)3, the green photoluminescence band corresponding to the intra 4f transition of 5D4  →  7F5 appears at 545 nm and becomes the maximum for x  =  0.2 in the range x  =  0.01 to 1. The internal quantum efficiency is higher (11% for x  =  0.01) for the thiosilicate host excitation (360 nm) than for the direct excitation (1.6%) of the intra 4f transition of 5D4  ←  7F6 (489 nm). A time-resolved photoluminescence study shows that the luminescence of defect states of thiosilicate hosts decays faster (typically 10–30 ns) for higher Tb3+ concentration x. In addition, the rise time of Tb3+ photoluminescence is shorter (10–40 ns) for greater x. Energy transfer from the thiosilicate host to Tb3+ is discussed using these results. For all of (Y1−x Ln x )4(SiS4)3 (x  =  0.01, Ln  =  Pr, Nd, Dy, Er or Tm), the internal quantum efficiency is higher for the host excitation (11–21%) than for the direct excitation of intra 4f transitions (1.1–12%). A photoluminescence excitation study reveals broad host absorption in 300–400 nm for Ln luminescence. These results show the promising characteristics of the host absorption of (Y1−x Ln x )4(SiS4)3 phosphors and their optical properties

Nonlinear Grassmann Sigma Models in Any Dimension and An Infinite Number of Conserved Currents

We first consider nonlinear Grassmann sigma models in any dimension and next construct their submodels. For these models we construct an infinite number of nontrivial conserved currents. Our result is independent of time-space dimensions and, therfore, is a full generalization of that of authors (Alvarez, Ferreira and Guillen). Our result also suggests that our method may be applied to other nonlinear sigma models such as chiral models, $G/H$ sigma models in any dimension.Comment: 11 pages, AMSLaTe