Cytokine profiles in the BAL of pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis and health volunteers.

<p>(A) BAL cytokine profile, (B) BAL levels of TNFα and (C) BAL levels of IL-13.</p

BAL and serum cytokine levels in pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy volunteers with Bonferroni-adjusted p-values for each of the possible comparisons.

<p>BAL and serum cytokine levels in pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy volunteers with Bonferroni-adjusted p-values for each of the possible comparisons.</p

Partial Least Squares is used to create a linear regression model to accurately discriminate between sarcoidosis and tuberculosis sera.

<p>Partial Least Squares is used to create a linear regression model to accurately discriminate between sarcoidosis and tuberculosis sera.</p

BAL: serum cytokine ratios in different conditions.

<p>(A) BAL: serum cytokine ratios seen in pulmonary sarcoidosis and pulmonary tuberculosis, (B) BAL and serum levels of IL-4 in pulmonary sarcoidosis, (C) BAL and serum levels of IL-4 in pulmonary tuberculosis, (D) BAL and serum levels of IL-4 in healthy volunteers and (E) matched BAL and serum levels of IL-4 in pulmonary sarcoidosis.</p

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and healthy volunteers.

<p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and healthy volunteers.</p

Change in soluble fractalkine in BAL fluid during experimental <i>in vivo</i> RV16 infection, related with upper respiratory symptom scores.

<p>Soluble fractalkine protein was measured in filtered BAL fluid collected at baseline and day 4 post RV16 infection from non-asthmatic (n = 10), mild-asthmatic (n = 11) and moderate-asthmatic (n = 14) subjects. (A) Data is presented as soluble fractalkine (pg/mL) per subject and horizontal bars for median levels for each group in BAL fluid obtained at baseline and day 4. Data were analysed within groups by Wilcoxon-matched pairs signed rank tests and between groups by Mann Whitney U test, *P<0.05. (B) Levels of fractalkine in BAL fluid on Day 4 were correlated with peak upper respiratory symptom scores for each subject infected using Pearson’s correlation (r = 0.289, <i>P</i> = 0.098).</p

Change in levels of fractalkine in BAL cells following <i>in vitro</i> infection with RV16 and RV1B.

<p>Soluble fractalkine protein was measured in cell supernatants from BAL cells obtained from (A) non-asthmatic (n = 15) and (B) asthmatic (n = 15) subjects and compared between subject groups at 8hrs post infection (C). Fractalkine mRNA expression was measured in BAL cell lysate cDNA obtained from non-asthmatic (D) and asthmatic (E) subjects. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Protein data were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test and mRNA by Kruskal Wallis with Dunn’s post test (**<i>P</i><0.01).</p

Change in levels of fractalkine in PBMCs following <i>in vitro</i> infection with RV16 and RV1B.

<p>Soluble fractalkine protein was measured in cell supernatants from PBMCs obtained from (A) non-asthmatic (n = 15) and (B) asthmatic (n = 15) subjects and compared between subject groups at 8hrs post infection (C). Fractalkine mRNA expression was measured in PBMC cell lysate cDNA obtained from (D) non-asthmatic and (E) asthmatic subjects. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Protein data were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test and mRNA by Kruskal Wallis with Dunn’s post test (*<i>P</i><0.05, ***<i>P</i><0.001).</p