Most Frequent Musculoskeletal Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with wide range of clinical symptoms. The patients frequently complain musculoskeletal involvement during the active state of the disease. Musculoskeletal manifestation in SLE patients is an important sign in making early diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. This study aims to determine the presentation of musculoskeletal involvement of SLE patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study done by interviewing SLE patients concerning musculoskeletal manifestation as the primary data and tracking their medical record as the secondary data. Study was conducted between September to November 2016 in Rheumatology Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Result: Ninety-seven SLE patients, 91 females (93,81%) and 6 males (6,19%), were enrolled in this study with mean age 35.12 (±10.91) years. The three highest proportions of muskuloskeltal manifestations were arthritis of the knee (84,5%), myalgia of upper back(40,2%), and muscle weakness (15,5%). We did not find any Jaccoud's Arthropathy (JA) and tendinitis manifestation. Osteoporosis were occured in 4 patients (4,12%), whereas gout arthritis, spondytlitis, osteoarthritis, rotator cuff syndrome, and rhupus wereonly occured in one patient (1,03%), respectively.Conclusion: The common musculoskeletal manifestation in SLE patients were arthritis of knee, myalgia of upper back, and muscle weakness. Only small portion of patients suffered from osteoporosis, gout arthritis, spondytlitis, osteoarthritis, rotator cuff syndrome, and rhupus

Thematic Analysis: Human Resource Management in Verses of the Qur'an

Human resource management is a process of managing human resources or a potential within humans to realize desired goals in groups. In the Qur'an, it is explained that man is the creation of Allah Almighty. Who is perfect from other beings. Management science is part of the social film, so it is very closely related to human resources. The most influential actor in the management process is the man himself. So that human resource management becomes critical in success to achieve the goals aspired by each group. Islam is a religion that provides various solutions for human affairs, especially in the process of human resource management in its holy book, the Qur'an. Thus in this article, researchers use literature research that examines and analyzes books related to human resource management from the perspective of Quranic verses. So it can be concluded that in the management of human resources in the verses of the Qur'an, there are four processes, namely planning, selection and placement, development, and compensation

The impact of fiscal transfer on energy efficiency in Indonesia

Conference and Exhibition Indonesia - New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (The 3rd Indo-EBTKE ConEx 2014) IRSA-Indonesia 5, a bottom-up CGE model, was employed to analyze the impacts of fiscal support to the sub-national region to implement energy efficiency policy. By implementing several scenarios in Indonesia, it is suggested that to be more effective in the emission reduction efforts, the transfer should be distributed on lump sum basis. Furthermore, the lump sum transfer is more effective to boost the economy as well as households consumption. Moreover, to reduce poverty the fiscal transfer should be dedicated to the least developed region particularly