11 research outputs found
Characteristic Scales of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Perturbation Theory: Non-linearity and Redshift-Space Distortion Effects
An acoustic oscillation of the primeval photon-baryon fluid around the
decoupling time imprints a characteristic scale in the galaxy distribution
today, known as the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale. Several on-going
and/or future galaxy surveys aim at detecting and precisely determining the BAO
scale so as to trace the expansion history of the universe. We consider
nonlinear and redshift-space distortion effects on the shifts of the BAO scale
in -space using perturbation theory. The resulting shifts are indeed
sensitive to different choices of the definition of the BAO scale, which needs
to be kept in mind in the data analysis. We present a toy model to explain the
physical behavior of the shifts. We find that the BAO scale defined as in
Percival et al. (2007) indeed shows very small shifts ( 1%) relative
to the prediction in {\it linear theory} in real space. The shifts can be
predicted accurately for scales where the perturbation theory is reliable.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, references and supplementary sections added,
accepted for publication in PAS
Organizer-Like Reticular Stromal Cell Layer Common to Adult Secondary Lymphoid Organs
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are crucial components of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Organogenesis of SLOs involves specialized stromal cells, designated lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) in the embryonic anlagen; in the adult, several distinct stromal lineages construct elaborate tissue architecture and regulate lymphocyte compartmentalization. The relationship between the LTo and adult stromal cells, however, remains unclear, as does the precise number of stromal cell types that constitute mature SLOs are unclear. From mouse lymph nodes, we established a VCAM-1+ICAM-1+MAdCAM-1+ reticular cell line that can produce CXCL13 upon LTβR stimulation and support primary B cell adhesion and migration in vitro. A similar stromal population sharing many characteristics with the LTo, designated marginal reticular cells (MRCs), was found in the outer follicular region immediately underneath the subcapsular sinus of lymph nodes. Moreover, MRCs were commonly observed at particular sites in various SLOs even in Rag2−/− mice, but were not found in ectopic lymphoid tissues, suggesting that MRCs are a developmentally determined element. These findings lead to a comprehensive view of the stromal composition and architecture of SLOs