Original and Paper Pattern of histo pathological changes of liver in poisoning

Abstract Increasing trend of poisoning in rural as well as urban set up for committing suicides must drive attention of law enforcing agencies to restrict its use and providing better methods for pest control. One of the organs suffered by such poisoning is liver, which is studied in detail in this study with special reference to histopathological finding. Out of total 140 autopsies 78 cases revealed histopathological finding in liver which varies with treatment, duration of survival, death autopsy interval. This may be helpful to conclude cause of death in obscure autopsies or even at each poisoning autopsy where opinion is reserved till viscera report is available. This may cut short time required for court proceeding, insurance claims based on these opinions

SPONTANEOUS REGRESSION OF A SYMPTOMATIC LARYNGOPYOCOELE

A laryngopyocoele is a rarely encountered neck mass which may cause respiratory obstruction. Spontaneous regression of an established symptomatic laryngopyocoele is an even more unusual situation, since most of the reported cases require immediate intervention for impending airway obstruction. A case of a laryngopyocoele showing spontaneous regression after antibiotic therapy is presented and the clinical aspects are reviewed

Unusual regression of a sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss in a patient with cerebellopontine angle pathology

This is a report of a patient with small internal acoustic canal pathology presenting as a sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss. Initially the patient received non-specific empirical medical therapy and the sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss recovered rapidly. Regression of the hearing loss, despite no change in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings after the medical treatment is documented and discussed

Development and optimization of hemicellulose extraction bioprocess from poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) stalks assisted by instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) pretreatment

Global efforts are being made to replace petroleum-based products with renewable biomass-based products through sustainable processes. Currently, hemicelluloses are of great interest in the framework of the biorefinery approach. This work is aimed to develop a hemicellulose extraction process by combining instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) and alkaline extraction methods and to optimize the process conditions. Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) waste stalks are selected as the model lignocellulosic biomass. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the effects of DIC process variables with a significant influence on hemicellulose yield including; saturated steam pressure (2–5 bar), processing time (60–540 s) and moisture content (7–85%). Alkaline extraction process conditions covering alkaline (KOH) concentration (5–25%), extraction time (1–7 h) and precipitant volume (25–125 ml) were optimized to maximize the extraction yield and the sustainability of the process. Optimum process conditions were determined as 5 bar saturated steam pressure, 540 s processing time, 7% moisture content for DIC and 22.17% KOH, 7 h extraction time, 53.28 ml precipitant volume for alkaline extraction. Under the verified optimum conditions, 26.23 ± 0.04% hemicellulose extraction yield was reached. As a result, hemicellulose yield was increased by 49.7% with the co-current saving in the amount of KOH and the precipitant solution used, and shortening of the processing time. The destructive effect of DIC on the stalks was demonstrated by SEM analysis. © 2020217O336 Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu, TÜBITAKThis work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) (Project no. 217O336 ). The authors would thank to Afyon Alkaloids Factory (Turkey) for providing poppy stalks. The authors would also thank to Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center (BİLTEM) for SEM analysis

SUBMAXILLARY HYPOGLOSSAL NEURILEMOMA

Neurilemmomas of the hypoglossal nerve are uncommon neoplasms. A unique case of submaxillary hypoglossal neurilemmoma is presented with radiological and surgical results. Methods of diagnosis and differential diagnosis are discussed

Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of parotid gland tuberculosis

A parotid gland mass with presenting features of malignancy is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The histological nature of the lesion must be clearly determined before proceeding with facial nerve sacrificing surgery. Although rare, tuberculosis of the parotid gland must be included in the differential diagnosis of a parotid gland mass especially when the social characteristics of the patient suggests a mycobacterial infection. Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland is generally encountered among populations with a high incidence of pulmonary disease. The difficulty in the differential diagnosis of a parotid gland malignancy may be helped by a high degree of clinical suspicion, since laboratory tests generally do not identify the specific causative organism. This article reports the first case of parotid gland tuberculosis with clinical and radiodiagnostical features simulating malignancy in which the diagnosis was confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Investigation of topical ciprofloxacin ototoxicity in guinea pigs

Antibiotic eardrops mostly contain potentially ototoxic aminoglycosides. Ciprofloxacin is an alternative, and there is limited experience in its topical use. To investigate the topical ototoxicity of ciprofloxacin, 11 guinea pigs have been operated on. Transbullae silicone drug delivery tubes were placed to both ears of the animals. After the operation the guinea pigs were divided into two groups. The first group of animals received 0.2 mi of 4% gentamicin in one ear and 0.2 mi of 0.9% sodium chloride solution in the other. The second group received 0.2 mi of 0.2% ciprofloxacin in the test ear and 0.2 mi of 0.9% sodium chloride solution in the control ear. All drugs acre given once a day on 7 consecutive days. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were recorded using click, 4 and 8 kHz logon stimuli before and after the operation, and after topical drug application. Results were statistically compared using Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-ranks test. Comparison of the thresholds before and after the operation, physiological saline application, as well as ciprofloxacin application yielded no statistically significant differences, whereas application of gentamicin resulted in total hearing loss. The results indicate that topical use of 0.2% ciprofloxacin is not ototoxic in guinea pigs

MANAGEMENT OF PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE CYSTS

Parapharyngeal space cysts, besides salivary gland origin may be derived from the first and dorsal portions of the second pharyngeal pouches. They are mucosal or epethelial lined structures with no external or visceral opening and always present on the lateral aspects of the nasopharyngeal wall

Pharyngocutaneous fistula and total laryngectomy: possible predisposing factors, with emphasis on pharyngeal myotomy

Ninety-two total laryngectomy cases were investigated with reference to post-laryngectomy fistula formation. Fistula was observed in eight cases (8.69 per cent). There were no statistically significant differences between the fistula group and the non-fistula group with regard to pre-operative tracheotomy, tumour differentiation, positive surgical margins, concurrent neck dissection, previous radiotherapy, T stage of the tumour, presence of extended hypopharyngeal mucosal excision, and placement of nasogastric tube. The only statistically significant positive association was found with primary pharyngeal myotomy. Myotomy was performed in six of the fistula patients and in two cases a technical error was observed. In these cases myotomy was performed adjacent to the edge of hypopharyngeal mucosa resulting in a weakened area of pharyngeal closure, possibly contributing to the fistula. This should be kept in mind and avoided at all costs during the performance of myotomy. Since it was not possible to find out any specific causal relationship with myotomy in four other cases, further studies are needed to establish the association of myotomy with pharyngocutaneous fistula