Triple Products and Yang-Baxter Equation (II): Orthogonal and Symplectic Ternary Systems

We generalize the result of the preceeding paper and solve the Yang-Baxter equation in terms of triple systems called orthogonal and symplectic ternary systems. In this way, we found several other new solutions.Comment: 38 page

Relation between Self-Esteem Instability and Expectation and Motivation After Failure Among Japanese University Students

Previous studies have shown that people with unstable self-esteem react to failure in extrapunitive ways (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993; Kernis, Grannemann, & Barclay, 1992). However, competitive situations in daily life often involve several tasks. Therefore, not only the relation between self-esteem instability and the reaction after one failure, but the relation between self-esteem instability and expectation and motivation for future tasks should also be examined. In addition, because extrapunitive reactions such as excuse making are not appropriate in Japanese culture, self-esteem instability may not be related to excuse making in this culture and may instead be related to alternative reactions after failure. Therefore, we hypothesized that at least among Japanese participants, self-esteem instability would be negatively related to expectations for future examinations. Sixty one undergraduate students (16 males and 45 females) participated in the survey. Self-esteem instability was not significantly related to excuse making. Rather, self-esteem instability was negatively related to expectations for the final examination, especially when self-evaluation of the midterm scores was low. On the other hand, self-esteem instability was not significantly related to the motivation to perform well on the final examination. We interpreted these findings as indicating that lowered expectations functioned as a tactic to prevent failure and promote ego protection

Triple Products and Yang-Baxter Equation (I): Octonionic and Quaternionic Triple Systems

We can recast the Yang-Baxter equation as a triple product equation. Assuming the triple product to satisfy some algebraic relations, we can find new solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. This program has been completed here for the simplest triple systems which we call octonionic and quaternionic. The solutions are of rational type.Comment: 29 page

Moral domain judgment : Cross-cultural differences and commonalities between the United States and Japan

An examination was conducted of the classification of potential misconduct in the moral domain (rather than the non-moral domain). Behaviors in the moral, social-conventional, and personal domains differ with regard to why and how they are regulated. Behaviors in the moral domain often face interference by others due to reasons irrelevant to existing rules or norms. Behaviors in the social-conventional domain are disapproved of and face interference only when contrary explicit or implicit rules exist. Behaviors in the personal domain reflect personal interests and tastes, and thus, they face no interference by others. We predicted and found that Americans consider a wider range of potential misconducts as moral issues compared with Japanese people, who tend to consider the same issues as socially regulated. In tight cultures, such as that observed in Japan, behaviors are regulated by social norms and authorities, and are evaluated as such. However, in loose cultures, such as that observed in the US, misconducts tend to be attributed to the actor\u27s free choice, and thus, the individual\u27s morality is at stake. These results support the argument of cultural psychology that moral judgment varies across cultures

Quantum Electrodynamics of a Nanocavity Coupled with Exciton Complexes in a Quantum Dot

Here, a comprehensive theory of the couplings between a nanocavity and exciton complexes in a quantum dot is developed, which successfully predicts the spectral triplet in the strong coupling regime that has been observed in several experiments but is unexpected according to conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics. The quantum anti-Zeno effect is found to play an essential role in the appearance of the central peak in the triplet under a low-excitation regime. The effect of hyperfine interactions is also discussed, which results in the cavity-mediated mixing of bright and dark exciton states. These results provide significant insights into solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure