Supplementary Tables - Tomono et al.xlsx

Variations of blood concentration levels of reactive carbonyls among three case-control studies of breast and colorectal cancer: Interactions with proteins and nucleic acids of lipid aldehydes, which contribute to oxidative stress signals, are associated with cancer development. The aim of the present study was to identify novel biomarkers for the detection of a high-risk group and/or early disease diagnosis, and to elucidate the roles of lipophilic reactive carbonyls (RCs) on the development of breast and colorectal cancers. In the present study, a comprehensive method was applied for analysis of RCs in plasma/serum samples. Higher concentrations of cis-4-decenal were noted in colorectal and breast cancers, suggesting that they may be candidate biomarkers for high-risk groups and/or early diagnosis.</p

Metal-catalyzed oxidation of 2-alkenals generates genotoxic 4-oxo-2-alkenals during lipid peroxidation

<p>Lipid peroxidation products react with cellular molecules, such as DNA bases, to form covalent adducts, which are associated with aging and disease processes. Since lipid peroxidation is a complex process and occurs in multiple stages, there might be yet unknown reaction pathways. Here, we analyzed comprehensively 2′-deoxyguanosine (dG) adducts with oxidized arachidonic acid using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and found the formation of 7-(2-oxo-hexyl)-etheno-dG as one of the major unidentified adducts. The formation of this adduct was reproduced in the reaction of dG with 2-octenal and predominantly with 4-oxo-2-octenal (OOE). We also found that other 2-alkenals (with five or more carbons) generate corresponding 4-oxo-2-alkenal-type adducts. Importantly, it was found that transition metals enhanced the oxidation of C4-position of 2-octenal, leading to the formation of OOE-dG adduct. These findings demonstrated a new pathway for the formation of 4-oxo-2-alkenals during lipid peroxidation and might provide a mechanism for metal-catalyzed genotoxicity.</p> <p>4-Oxo-2-alkenals, which are highly reactive to nucleosides, are generated through metal-catalyzed oxidation of corresponding 2-alkenals during lipid peroxidation.</p