大学漕艇部選手の食行動因子別分類による解析

A study was conducted to clarify eating behaviors related closely to accumulation of body fat and the relation between eating behaviors and body fat. Thirty collegiate oarsmen were investigated with a questionnaire. The percent body fat was measured by the bioelectrical impedance meter. As a result, it was revealed that relatively many athletes had eating behaviors considered as a problem and then recognized themselves to be the constitution that was easy to grow fat. It was found that athletes who hoped to reduce weight were concerned about eating behaviors more intense than that who felt just good on body image. The mean percent body fat of high score group on body image scale was significantly higher than that of low score group. Athletes individually had the specific characteristic of eating behaviors and body image. These results suggested that it is necessary for them to educate just about nutrition and dietary as to individual necessity in order to solve each of their problems in eating behaviors and body fat

2. RPE数理モデルを用いたボート選手のトレーニングデザイン : エリートボート選手のケーススタディ(保健体育審議会答申を踏まえたボート競技国際競争向上への体育系大学としての寄与,<特集>研究計画に基づく研究費-平成14年度～平成16年度-)

We investigated whether the RPE mathematical model, which can easily be applied to routine training, is useful in preparing, implementing, analyzing and assessing a year-long training program for an elite Japanese rower and in evaluating his condition based on conventional physiological parameters. The data used for analysis was the training program for three main boat races held in 2002. In the result, 1) monotony increased to the twice or more just before each competition involved in rise of heart rate; the peaking program was monotonous, and efficacy of the training, therefore, decreased, and 2) in performance, on the day of prediction calculated by the mathematical model and the actual day of each race, it differed at the maximum on the 14th; reliability of the performance value from the mathematical model was confirmed by that from two time-point measurement of the rowing ergometer test. The findings of the present study suggest that year-long program design utilizing the RPE mathematical model can simulate performance fluctuations in terms of exertion, duration and frequency. It is therefore possible that overtraining can be prevented and periodization used to maximize performance at a particular competition. Furthermore, so as to maximize performance at a particular competition, it is necessary not only to utilize the RPE mathematical model, but also to combine objective and subjective parameters such as morning pulse rate, CPS, TQR and monotony. Program design accounting for these parameters should prove useful in the routine training of top athletes

Relationship between diabetic macular edema and choroidal layer thickness

Purpose To investigate the relationship between diabetic macular edema (DME) and the choroidal layer thickness in diabetic patients. Methods This is a retrospective observation study. Three hundred eighteen eyes of 159 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and age-matched 100 eyes of 79 healthy controls were enrolled. DME was defined as over 300 mu m in the central retinal subfield of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid sector. The central choroidal thickness (CCT), as well as inner and outer layers were determined based on enhanced depth imaging (EDI)-OCT. Diabetic patients with/without systemic diabetic treatments (DT) at the start of this study was defined as DT+ and DT-, respectively. The number of eyes examined was 62 and 256 eyes in DME+and DME-groups, respectively. DM patients were further subdivided into 4 groups with/without DME and DT; DME+DT+(35 eyes), DME-DT+(159 eyes), DME+DT-(27 eyes), and DME-DT-group (97 eyes). Multiple comparisons on CCT layers including control and each DM group were statistically examined. Results The total CCT layer was 254 +/- 83, 283 +/- 88, and 251 +/- 70 mu m in the control, DME+, and DME-group, respectively. A total CCT layer in DME+was significantly thicker than the DME-group (P < 0.05). The outer CCT layer was 195 +/- 75, 222 +/- 83, and 193 +/- 63 mu m in the control, DME+, and DME-group, respectively. The outer CCT layer in DME+ was significantly thicker than the DME-group (P < 0.05). In the subdivided groups, the total CCT layers in the control, DME+DT+, DME-DT+, DME+DT-and DME-DT-groups were 254 +/- 83, 274 +/- 88, 247 +/- 66, 290 +/- 84 and 258 +/- 75 mu m, respectively. The outer CCT layers in each group were 195 +/- 75, 214 +/- 83, 189 +/- 58, 228 +/- 77, and 201 +/- 70 mu m, respectively. Total CCT and the outer layer in DME+DT-was significantly thicker than the DME-DT+group (each P < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in inner layer between the groups. Conclusions The total and outer CCT layers of diabetic eyes were significantly thickened in the DME +DT-as compared with the DME-DT+group, suggesting that CCT may be related to the pathology of DME

Factors based on optical coherence tomography correlated with vision impairment in diabetic patients

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between retinal structures and visual acuity in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). This study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a single medical center in Japan. Evaluation of retinal images was analyzed using spectral domain OCT. Twelve factors including central retinal thickness, length of disorganization of retinal inner layer (DRIL), number of inner hyperreflective foci, number of outer hyperreflective foci, height of intraretinal fluid, height of subretinal fluid, length of external limiting membrane disruption, length of external ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and FAZ circularity were analyzed based on OCT/OCTA findings. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate the OCT-based factors that could be correlated with poor visual acuity in treatment-naive diabetic eyes. A total of 183 eyes of 123 diabetic patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 61.9 +/- 12.3 years, 66 men and 57 women) and 62 eyes of 55 control subjects (mean age 64.4 +/- 12.5 years, 15 men and 40 women) was enrolled in this study. Multiple regression analysis showed that OCT-based factors correlated with visual acuity were length of DRIL (beta =0.24, P=0.35, P=-0.14, P<0.05). The other factors showed no significant correlation. In conclusion, the length of DRIL, length of EZ disruption, and FAZ circularity measured by OCT were identified as related factors for visual impairment in treatment-naive diabetic eyes