Rank-Preserving Multidimensional Mechanisms

We show that the mechanism design problem for a monopolist selling multiple heterogeneous objects with ex ante symmetric values for the buyer is equivalent to the mechanism design problem for a monopolist selling identical objects with decreasing marginal values. We apply this equivalence result to (a) give new sufficient conditions under which an optimal mechanism is revenue monotone in both the models; (b) derive new results on optimal deterministic mechanisms in the heterogeneous objects model; and (c) show that a uniform price mechanism is robustly optimal in the identical objects model when the monopolist knows the average of the marginal distributions of the units

Secured Scheme for Privacy Preserving and Node Authentication Mechanism for a Special Mobile Ad hoc Network

Opportunistic networks are a special type of Mobile Ad hoc network which are wirelessly interlinked nodes with the absence of end to end connectivity. All nodes in an opportunistic network are free to move in an environment. Due to the high degree of mobility of nodes, opportunistic networks differ significantly from the existing traditional networks and it works on store, carry &forward mechanism in which, each node has a communication range. Within its proximity, if any node comes, it can send and receive messages. In an opportunistic network, there is no proper infrastructure available for communication and node have limited storage and computational capabilities. The major problem being faced in an opportunistic network is the identification of normal and malicious nodes because due to the open nature of the opportunistic network, malicious nodes also can join the network and perform some malicious activities like Sybil attack. We propose a remedy to address the authentication and privacy issue that can arise in an opportunistic network. According to the findings of the simulation, the proposed research work satisfies the authentication and privacy criteria of an opportunistic network

Computational Chemistry and Bioinformatics Research Core (CCBRC)

Department/Unit poster (BioMolecular Sciences). Corresponding author: Sushil Mishra ([email protected])https://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2022/1012/thumbnail.jp

Tissue-specific regulation of hnk-1 biosynthesis by bisecting glcnac

Human natural killer—1 (HNK-1) is a sulfated glyco-epitope regulating cell adhesion and synaptic functions. HNK-1 and its non-sulfated forms, which are specifically expressed in the brain and the kidney, respectively, are distinctly biosynthesized by two homologous glycosyltransferases: GlcAT-P in the brain and GlcAT-S in the kidney. However, it is largely unclear how the activity of these isozymes is regulated in vivo. We recently found that bisecting GlcNAc, a branching sugar in N-glycan, suppresses both GlcAT-P activity and HNK-1 expression in the brain. Here, we observed that the expression of non-sulfated HNK-1 in the kidney is unexpectedly unaltered in mutant mice lacking bisecting GlcNAc. This suggests that the biosynthesis of HNK-1 in the brain and the kidney are differentially regulated by bisecting GlcNAc. Mechanistically, in vitro activity assays demonstrated that bisecting GlcNAc inhibits the activity of GlcAT-P but not that of GlcAT-S. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation showed that GlcAT-P binds poorly to bisected N-glycan substrates, whereas GlcAT-S binds similarly to bisected and non-bisected N-glycans. These findings revealed the difference of the highly homologous isozymes for HNK-1 synthesis, highlighting the novel mechanism of the tissue-specific regulation of HNK-1 synthesis by bisecting GlcNAc

Mapping of the multifoliate pinna (mfp) leaf-blade morphology mutation in grain pea Pisum sativum

The multifoliate pinna (mfp) mutation alters the leaf-blade architecture of pea, such that simple tendril pinnae of distal domain are replaced by compound pinna blades of tendrilled leaflets in mfp homozygotes. The MFP locus was mapped with reference to DNA markers using F2 and F2:5 RIL as mapping populations. Among 205 RAPD, 27 ISSR and 35 SSR markers that demonstrated polymorphism between the parents of mapping populations, three RAPD markers were found linked to the MFP locus by bulk segregant analyses on mfp/mfp and MFP/MFP bulks assembled from the F2:5 population. The segregational analysis of mfp and 267 DNA markers on 96 F2 plants allowed placement of 26 DNA markers with reference to MFP on a linkage group. The existence of common markers on reference genetic maps and MFP linkage group developed here showed that MFP is located on linkage group IV of the consensus genetic map of pea

Discovery of a lectin domain that regulates enzyme activity in mouse N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-IVa (MGAT4A)

N-Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification, and the number of GlcNAc branches in N-glycans impacts glycoprotein functions. N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase-IVa (GnT-IVa, also designated as MGAT4A) forms a β1-4 GlcNAc branch on the α1-3 mannose arm in N-glycans. Downregulation or loss of GnT-IVa causes diabetic phenotypes by dysregulating glucose transporter-2 in pancreatic β-cells. Despite the physiological importance of GnT-IVa, its structure and catalytic mechanism are poorly understood. Here, we identify the lectin domain in mouse GnT-IVa’s C-terminal region. The crystal structure of the lectin domain shows structural similarity to a bacterial GlcNAc-binding lectin. Comprehensive glycan binding assay using 157 glycans and solution NMR reveal that the GnT-IVa lectin domain selectively interacts with the product N-glycans having a β1-4 GlcNAc branch. Point mutation of the residue critical to sugar recognition impairs the enzymatic activity, suggesting that the lectin domain is a regulatory subunit for efficient catalytic reaction. Our findings provide insights into how branching structures of N-glycans are biosynthesized

Computational Chemistry and Bioinformatics Research CORE (CCBRC)

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2024/1001/thumbnail.jp

Biomedical waste segregation and their management in urban area of Gorakhpur: A survey for long term approach

Biomedical waste (BMW) generated from medical centers have become a serious health threat worldwide including India. Unsegregated and insensitive disposal of BMW can become a source of spreading serious diseases not only for hepatitis, tuberculosis, HIV but also the recent pandemic of COVID-19 among their handlers and society. Our investigation was carried out to assess the waste handling, their segregation, disposal and treatment system of hospital BMW in the various medical institutes’ established in Gorakhpur city. The study was conducted in accordance with the questionnaire as per guidelines of “BMW Management Rules, 2016” amended in 2018. We have found that almost 27 Metric tons of BMW were generated monthly by seven hospitals; in which, medical centers with the name of BRDMC generated 164.7 followed by NSCBDH, GSGC, DWH, LCH, REH and MMNH produced 33.8, 29.9, 20.7, 10.3, 7.9 and 4.3 quintals of wastes, respectively. They also generated 20.74%, 35.78%, 9.8%, 32.3%, 12.7%, 41.3% and 28.6% per day hazardous wastes in the above sequence of hospitals in comparison to non-hazardous wastes. A yellow colour container waste (a potential source of infection) was higher among the hospitals of BRDMC, GSGC, DWH and MMNC; whereas, red colour containers wastes (recyclable contaminated waste) was higher among NSCBDH, LCH and REH, respectively. Our surveyed hospitals produce approximately 10-40% of hazardous wastes daily. Proper guidelines of segregation and treatment are an essential component for reducing the risk of BMW generated infections. Continuous training and fixing the responsibility of medical staffs are the key criteria's for reducing the chance of contamination and per unit BMW generation