Desarrollo de una herramienta de aprendizaje activa y colaborativa docente-alumno

Depto. de Producción AnimalFac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Genetic analysis and management in small populations: the Asturcon pony as an example

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Genetic variability in two spanish horse populations: preliminary results

The genetic variability has been analyzed through the allelic frequencies distribution of ten STR (Short Tandem Repeat) equine loci of three different horse populations, Asturcón, Pottoka and Thoroughbred (PSI), which is considered as an outgroup. The genetic variability found in the pony breeds is higher than for PSI and only one of the ten loci analyzed is significantly desviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (= 0.01) in Asturcón and Pottoka populations. The FST value (0.054) shows a significant divergence between Asturcón and Pottoka, besides the genetic distance calculated between both populations is very lower compared to their relation with PSI.Para el estudio de la variabilidad genética de tres poblaciones diferentes de caballos, Asturcón, Pottoka y Pura Sangre Inglés (PSI), habiéndose constituido esta última como población de referencia, se ha analizado la distribución de las frecuencias alélicas de 10 STR (Short Tandem Repeat) loci equinos. La variabilidad genética encontrada en las razas de ponis es superior a la del PSI y solo uno de los loci analizados se desvía significativamente del equilibrio Hardy- Weinberg (=0,01) en las poblaciones de Asturcón y Pottoka. El valor FST estimado (0,054) muestra una divergencia significativa entre Asturcón y Pottoka, asimismo la distancia genética calculada entre ambas poblaciones es inferior comparada a la que tienen ambas con respecto al PSI

Haplotype diversity of the myostatin gene among beef cattle breeds

A total of 678 individuals from 28 European bovine breeds were both phenotyped and analysed at the myostatin locus by the Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) method. Seven new mutations were identified which contribute to the high polymorphism (1 SNP every 100 bp) present in this small gene; twenty haplotypes were described and a genotyping method was set up using the Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay (OLA) method. Some haplotypes appeared to be exclusive to a particular breed; this was the case for 5 in the Charolaise (involving mutation Q204X) and 7 in the Maine-Anjou (involving mutation E226X). The relationships between the different haplotypes were studied, thus allowing to test the earlier hypothesis on the origin of muscular hypertrophy in Europe: muscular hypertrophy (namely nt821(del11)) was mainly spread in different waves from northern Europe milk purpose populations in most breeds; however, other mutations (mostly disruptive) arose in a single breed, were highly selected and have since scarcely evolved to other populations

Desarrollo de una herramienta interactiva online (campus virtual) para la realización y corrección de ejercicios como herramienta de aprendizaje en mejora genética

Se ha desarrollo de una herramienta interactiva para la resolución de problemas por parte del alumno de la asignatura Mejora Genética de los Animales de Interés Veterinario (Grado en Veterinaria). Al acceder a la herramienta, a través del campus virtual de la asignatura, selecciona entre el índice de problemas, aquel que desea resolver. Al introducir los resultados se corrige en el momento el ejercicio por lo que el alumno conoce los errores cometidos sin necesidad de esperar. El alumno puede utilizar la herramienta tantas veces como considere oportuno y en cada ingreso los datos de los problemas cambian. Los resultados introducidos por el alumno y sus calificaciones se almacenan, con el objetivo de analizar el uso de la herramienta y los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos. Para facilitar la resolución de los problemas al alumno se le facilita a través del campus virtual un documento con apuntes y un hilo abierto en el foro de la asignatura para la resolución de dudas entre ellos y con el profesor.Depto. de Producción AnimalFac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Syringohydromyelia in Dogs: The Genomic Component Underlying a Complex Neurological Disease

Syringohydromyelia (SHM) is a neurological disorder characterized by the appearance of fluid-containing cavities within the spinal cord. Although SHM is thought to be under multigenic control, the molecular basis of this disease remains poorly defined. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was carried out comparing the whole genome sequences (WGS) from 12 dogs with SHM and 2 panels of 26 dogs (either older than 5 years and showing the absence of SHM or belonging to breeds not susceptible to SHM) to identify candidate genes associated with the development of SHM. Seven candidate genes were identified. Of these, five genes were determined to be involved in bone development (PLXNA2, HHAT, MBOAT2, ITGAV) and calcium homeostasis (HPCAL1). Although further validation is needed at the transcript level, it is worth highlighting the association of a possible pathogenic variant which generated a new intronic branch-site sequence in PLXNA2 (T/C, CFA7:7043294). Considering previous studies in dogs that show SHM related to craniocervical junction (CCJ) malformations, these genes can be considered good candidates for the development of this disease. This report dissects the genomic component of SHM in dogs, which paves the way for further research on this complex disease found both in canine and human species

TRACEABILITY OF FOUR EUROPEAN PROTECTED GEOGRAPHIC INDICATION (PGI) BEEF PRODUCTS USING SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNP) AND BAYESIAN STATISTICS

The use of SNPs in combination with Bayesian statistics for the geographic traceability of cattle were evaluated using a dataset comprising 24 breeds from Italy,France,Spain, Denmark, the Netherlands,Switzerland and UK genotyped with 90 polymorphic markers. The percentage of correct assignment of the individuals to their Country of origin was 90%, with an average assignment probability of 93% and an average specificity of 92%. The higher value was observed for UK breeds (97% of correct assignment) while Swiss animals were the most difficult to allocate (77% of correct assignment). Tracing of Protected Geographic Indication (PGI) products, the approach correctly assigned 100% of Guaranteed Pure Highland Beef; 97% of “Vitellone dell’Appennino Centrale” breeds; 84% of Ternera de Navarra, and 80% of Boeuf de Chalosse. Methods to verify Products of Designated Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographic Indication (PGI) products will help to protect regional foods and promote the economic growth of marginal rural areas by encouraging the product on of high quality niche market foods