Alton comes to grip with industrial decline

Illinois ; Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Economic development

Factory closings shock community into opening wallets for economic development

Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Manufactures ; Arkansas

Fort Knox helps protect economy of Elizabethtown, Ky.

Kentucky ; Economic development ; Federal Reserve District, 8th

Du Quoin strives to diversify beyond state fair

Economic development ; Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Illinois

Tennessee town pins hopes on being transportation hub

Transportation ; Tennessee ; Federal Reserve District, 8th

Recipe for success: kitchen company keeps town's economy cooking

In rich alluvial soil where cotton once was king, the stove now reigns. Since its founding in 1984, homegrown Viking Range Corp. has built a global business in Greenwood, Miss., become the area's premier employer and helped create an island of relative prosperity in what locals often describe as the poorest region in the nation's poorest state.Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Mississippi

Plentiful green space along interstate drives economy of tiny Missouri town

Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Employment ; Missouri

Bucking the trend in manufacturing in Grenada, Miss.

Community ProfileManufactures - South ; Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Mississippi

Town hangs on to old economy even as it embraces the new

Federal Reserve District, 8th ; Regional economics

MEME08: A global magnetic field model with satellite data weighting

A new data weighting scheme is introduced for satellite geomagnetic survey data. This scheme allows vector samples of the field to be used at all magnetic latitudes and results in an improved lithospheric model, particularly in the auroral regions. Data weights for 20-second spaced satellite samples are derived from two noise estimators for the sample. Firstly the standard deviation along the 20 seconds of satellite track, centred on each sample, is computed as a measure of local magnetic activity. Secondly a larger-scale noise estimator is defined in terms of a ‘local area vector activity’ (LAVA) index for the sample. This is derived from activity estimated from the geographically nearest magnetic observatories to the sample point. Weighting of satellite data by the inverse-sum-of-squares of these noise estimators leads to a robust model of the field (called ‘Model of Earth’s Magnetic Environment 2008, or ‘MEME08’ - to rhyme with ‘beam’) to about spherical harmonic degree 60. In particular we find that vector data may be used at all latitudes and that there is no need to use particularly complex model parameterizations, regularisation, or prior data correction to remove estimates of un-modelled source fields