Effects of Airplane Cabin Interiors on Egress I: Assessment of Anthropometrics, Seat Pitch, and Seat Width on Egress

6973GH-19-C-00102Within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization Act of 2018, Pub. L. No. 115-254 \ua7 577, Congress required that \u201c\u2026the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall issue regulations that establish minimum dimensions for passenger seats on aircraft operated by air carriers in interstate air transportation or intrastate air transportation, including minimums for seat pitch, width, and length, and that are necessary for the safety of passengers.\u201d This research project was developed to provide information to rule-makers within the FAA to meet this requirement

Effects of Airplane Cabin Interiors on Egress I: Assessment of Anthropometrics, Seat Pitch, and Seat Width on Egress, DOT-FAA-AM_21/01 [supporting datasets]

6973GH-19-C-00102Within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization Act of 2018, Pub. L. No. 115-254 \ua7 577, Congress required that \u201c\u2026the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall issue regulations that establish minimum dimensions for passenger seats on aircraft operated by air carriers in interstate air transportation or intrastate air transportation, including minimums for seat pitch, width, and length, and that are necessary for the safety of passengers.\u201d A total of 775 participants were recruited to assist with meeting two research objectives: first, to determine what percentage of the American population, based on anthropometric measurements, would be unable to sit in transport airplane passenger seats at the currently narrowest width and even narrower seat pitch. The second objective was to determine the effect of seat pitch and seat width on individual egress time. The study included 718 participants assigned to 12 groups who participated in up to four evacuations from the FAA\u2019s Flexible Aircraft Cabin Simulator (FlexSim), with various seat pitch and width combinations. Based on this study's results, currently flying seat pitches using seats of similar size or smaller than those used in this project can accommodate and not impede egress for 99% of the American population. This project also concluded that, similar to previous evacuation research, as long as ergonomic minimums are maintained, the transport airplane's interior configuration, including seat pitch and width, has not been shown to influence evacuations. This research project was developed to provide information to rule-makers within the FAA to meet this requirement

Effects of Airplane Cabin Interiors on Egress I: Assessment of Anthropometrics, Seat Pitch, and Seat Width on Egress, DOT-FAA-AM_21/01 [supporting datasets: videos]

6973GH-19-C-00102Because of the very large file sized of these videos, patrons will need to download the video files directly, using the "Direct Download" links provided in the README.These 60 video recordings represent the visual recordings of the measurement of the two research objectives of the study \u201cEffects of Airplane Cabin Interiors on Egress I: Assessment of Anthropometrics, Seat Pitch, and Seat Width on Egress," DOT/FAA/AM-21/01. The first objective was to determine what percentage of the American population, based on anthropometric measurements, would not be able to sit in transport airplane passenger seats at the currently narrowest and even narrower seat pitch. Second, this study sought to determine the effect of seat pitch and seat width on individual egress time during an aircraft evacuation.The 12 videos with file names which contain with the phrase "ExpSeatingMockupDay..." record participants sitting in or attempting to sit in a seat mock-up that matched the narrowest seat pitch they would experience in the evacuation trials, and to attempt to sit in or to sit in a seat mock-up of a narrower seat pitch than what would be presented in the evacuation trials. (See pages 9 and 10 of the related report for more information.) Each video is about 2 hours long, and shows a single camera view from the perspective of the left wall of an aircraft. The video records participant actions as each participant attempts to sit in the center seat of the third of three rows, and then the center seat of the second of three rows. The recordings are color video, without a soundtrack. Participant faces are blurred to protect individual privacy.The 48 videos with file names that start with "R01.mp4" and increment to "R48.mp4" are the recordings of the evacuations from CAMI FlexSim. (See pages 11 through 13 of the related report for more information.) Each video is about 45 seconds long, with the frame divided into 4 quarters, showing three views of the evacuation, and a single title slide with the date of the evacuation trial, and the trial number, which matches the file number on the recording. The view in the upper left of the frame is a view overhead and behind the flight attendant supervising the evacuation. The view in the upper right of the frame shows the exterior of the simulator to record how participants exit. The view in the lower right of frame shows the view from the rear of the simulator, as participants evacuate away from the camera to the front of the simulator. The lower left of the frame is the title slide. In the center of the frame is a timer, counting up the total time of the evacuation. The recordings are color video, without a soundtrack. Participant faces are blurred to protect individual privacy.The videos can be viewed on any modern video player

Student Expectations and The Psychological Contracts They Create: A Look at the Effects of a Breach

Industrial-Organization psychologists have extensively researched implicit contracts within the work structure. Implicit contracts are unwritten, invisible agreements made within the work structure relationships between employee and employer (Zeitoun & Pamini, 2020). One type of implicit contract that has received significant attention recently is the psychological contract. Psychological contracts consist of an unspoken agreement between two parties (e.g., employer and employee) based on a belief or perception that outlines expectations and obligations for both parties. These contracts are constructed at the individual and organizational levels (Rousseau, 1989). For example, a new employee may believe they will receive a raise or promotion if they work hard, while the employer would expect that the new employee will perform to the best of their ability. However, there is no legal documentation binding these agreements. One area of interest regarding psychological contracts is when those implicit contracts are broken. This is referred to as a psychological contract breach. A breach occurs when the employee perceives that they are receiving less than what they were promised by the employer. When the contract is breached, this can lead to withdrawal behaviors and, ultimately, employee turnover (Rousseau, 1989). While breaches of the contract have been studied in an organizational setting, little research has applied the theory of psychological contracts and their breaches to an academic setting. Recently, a study identified items related to the psychological contract between students and their exchange partners (i.e., University, Faculty, and classmates) that can be applied in a university setting. The current research used those findings to investigate the impact of a psychological contract breach on college student retention and satisfaction, focusing on understanding the existence of the contract and possible outcomes of a breach. The findings of this study will assist us in understanding factors that affect retention in universities

Does Allocation of Attention Influence Relative Velocity and Strength of Illusory Line Motion?

In illusory line motion, presentation of a cue is followed by presentation of a nearby stationary line, and the line is perceived to “unfold,” “expand,” or “extend” away from the cue. Effects of the allocation of attention regarding where the cue or the line would be presented were measured in three experiments, and ratings of relative velocity and relative strength of illusory motion were collected. Findings included (a) relative velocity and relative strength decreased with increases in SOA from 50 to 450 ms, (b) relative velocity and relative strength were not influenced by whether illusory motion moved from one end of the line to the other or from both ends toward the middle of the line, (c) increased uncertainty regarding where the line would appear did not influence relative velocity or relative strength, and (d) valid pre-cues regarding the location of a cue resulted in faster relative velocity than did invalid pre-cues, but pre-cue validity did not influence relative strength. Implications of these findings for the relationship of such illusory motion and attention (e.g., divided attention, shifts in attended location) are considered

The Role of Trust, Communication and Corporate Culture in Telecommuting Relationships

Predictions concerning the growth of telecommuting have not materialized, despite the potential benefits to both the employer and the employee (e.g., less office space needed, employee flexibility, less time spent commuting). While the reasons for this lack of growth are not clear, it has been suggested that a negative managerial attitude is responsible (Christensen, 1992). In one of the few empirical studies on telecommuting, Ruppel and Harrington (1995) found that managerial attitude was central to telecommuting adoption and diffusion (i.e., the spread of the telecommuting once it is adopted). Thus the current study is designed to further understand what factors, such as trust, communication, and corporate culture, may influence managerial attitud

Edwards Aquifer Storage Assessment, Kinney County to Hays County, Texas

The distribution of water in the Edwards aquifer was assessed using a core- and log-based stratigraphic study that included 200 neutron and resistivity logs and 300 porosity and permeability plug analyses. The Kainer, Person, Devils River, West Nueces, McKnight, and Salmon Peak Formations of the Edwards Group were investigated during this study. The aquifer extends over 3,111 mi^2 (8,004 km^2) and thickens toward the south from approximately 500 to 780 ft (150 to 240 m). In the Edwards outcrop, the aquifer thins northward because of erosion and decreased saturated thickness. Porosity data were interpolated between wells to create a three-dimensional cell-based model of porosity. Porosity distribution reflects both the depositional rock fabric and later diagenesis. Small-scale vertical variations in porosity are the result of facies changes caused by high-frequency cyclicity in the depositional environment. Vertical facies stacking influences the amount of dolomitization and diagenetic enhancement of porosity. Subtidal facies deposited during major sea-level highstands are generally undolomitized and exhibit low porosity (4- to 12-percent porosity). Grainstones at cycle tops in the Kainer, Person, and Devils River Formations are typically high-porosity intervals with high depositional porosity that may have additional solution enlargement of pores and pore throats (20- to 42-percent porosity). Dolomitized subtidal facies have very high porosity in intervals with stacked tidal-flat cycles because of preferential dolomite dissolution.Bureau of Economic Geolog