An unusual occurrence of giant primary osteosarcoma of chest wall in adult: case report and review of literature

Osteosarcoma is most frequently occurring bone malignancy which commonly occurs in the ends of the long bone. Usually osteosarcomas do not involve the bones of the chest wall. 22 year old patient presented with swelling in left anterior chest wall gradually enlarging over the period of 1 year accompanied by dull aching pain in the same. On examination there was 30×25 cm large hard irregular swelling which was fixed to chest wall. CECT Thorax was suggestive of 30×25×18 cm sized soft tissue lesion involving 3, 4, 5 rib involvement with sunburst periosteal reaction. Mass is having large extrathoracic with small intrathoracic extensions. Moderate pleural effusion was noted. Core biopsy of mass identified the tumor as osteosarcoma. Primary malignant bone tumors of the chest wall are very rare entity. Of these tumors chondrosarcomas are the most frequent. Chondrosarcoma are chemo-resistant as compared to osteosarcomas. Management of such tumors should follow the same oncological principles of resection with wide margins whenever possible. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be given in cases of responsive etiologies like Ewing sarcoma or osteosarcoma. These malignancies generally have poor prognosis.

Genomic Insights of Halophilic Planococcus maritimus SAMP MCC 3013 and Detail Investigation of Its Biosurfactant Production

Moderate halophilic bacteria thrive in saline conditions and produce biosurfactant (BS) which facilitates the oil scavenging activity in the oil polluted surroundings. Production of such unusual bioactive molecules plays a vital role for their survival in an extreme and adverse environment. Current research deals with isolation of Planococcus maritimus strain SAMP MCC 3013 from Indian Arabian coastline sea water for BS production. The bacterium tolerated up to 2.7 M NaCl demonstrating osmotic stress bearable physiological systems. We used integrated approach to explore the genomic insight of the strain SAMP and displayed the presence of gene for BS biosynthesis. The genome analysis revealed this potential to be intrinsic to the strain. Preliminary screening techniques viz., surface tension (SFT), drop collapse (DC) and oil displacement (OD) showed SAMP MCC 3013 as a potent BS producer. BS reduced SFT of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH: 7.0 from 72 to 30 mN/m with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 1.3 mg/mL. Subsequent investigation on chemical characterization, using thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) revealed terpene containing BS having sugar, lipid moieties. The genomic sequence analysis of P. maritimus SAMP showed complete genes in the pathway for the synthesis of terpenoid. Probably terpenoid is the accountable backbone molecule for the BS production, but the later stages of terpenoid conversion to the BS could not be found. Moreover, it is important to highlight that till today; no single report documents the in-detailed physico-chemical characterization of BS from Planococcus sp. Based on genomic and functional properties, the term terpene containing BS is denoted for the surfactant produced by P. maritimus

A retrospective comparative analysis of two different techniques of small bowel diversion in Ileal perforation cases: a single centre experience

Introduction: Ileal perforation is a common surgical emergency especially in Indian sub-continent due to increased incidence of enteric fever and tuberculosis- two most common causes of ileal perforation. Many different techniques had been applied for treatment of perforation like primary closure, exteriorization of perforation site or primary closure with proximal diversion stoma. Many cases are not suitable for primary closure; in such cases ileostomy is done. Ileostomy is associated with significant morbidity which adds to financial burden and decreases quality of life. Tube ileostomy has been explored as an alternative to conventional ileostomy sans its morbidity. Methods: Here we retrospectively analyzed ileal perforation cases treated with either loop ileostomy or tube ileostomy at our centre during last 3 years. Result: A total of 50 ileal perforation cases treated with ileostomy either tube ileostomy ( n = 21) or conventional loop ileostomy (n = 29 ) were included for study and their immediate and late post operative complications were recorded and analysed. Conclusion: We found that tube ileostomy is a safe and effective mode of diversion and is associated with minimal stoma related morbidity like peristomal excoriation, hernia, retraction, prolapse, obstruction etc