EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXICITY OF DIFFERENT UNIVERSAL BONDS USING THE XCELLIGENCE SYSTEM

ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the cytotoxic effects of five different universal bonding agents on mouse fibroblast cell lines (L929). Materials and Methods: Five different widely used universal adhesive systems were chosen that have different contents, pH levels, and polymerization methods. A real-time cell analyzer (RT-CES, xCELLigence; Roche Applied Science, Germany, and ACEA Biosciences, USA) was used for cytotoxic evaluation of light-cured polymerized G-Premio Bond (GC Europe, Belgium), Prime&Bond Universal (Dentsply Sirona, USA), Universal Bond Quick (Kuraray, USA), Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE, USA) and self-cured polymerized Tokuyama Universal Bond (Tokuyama, USA) experimental groups. L929 were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1 % antibiotics. The assay was performed E-plate-16 and monitored every 15 min for 72 h. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s posthoc tests. Results: All tested universal adhesive systems showed a statistically significant difference in cytotoxicity values in different time periods (p<0.05). Among the groups compared, G-Premio Bond showed the least cytotoxic effect; and Tokuyama Universal Bond showed the most cytotoxic effect. Different times of all universal adhesive systems significantly increased the count of viable cells compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: In dentistry, universal adhesive systems can be observed cytotoxic effects to live cells. The evaluation of cytotoxicity with xCELLigence device is a reliable method and should be supported by new studies on this subject

ASSESSMENT OF DMFT INDEXES, SALIVARY FLOW RATE, PH, AND DETECTIONS OF S.MUTANS SALIVARY LEVELS BY A QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Objectives: PCOS is an endocrine disorder that is common in women. However, PCOS effects on oral and dental health have not been stated clearly. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which is common in women of reproductive age, on saliva and dental tissues in these women. Materials and Methods: One-hundred individuals who were / were not diagnosed with PCOS and insulin resistance were included in this study (n=100). Subsequently, individuals, with PCOS and insulin resistance (PCOSID +), with PCOS and non-insulin resistance (PCOSID-), without PCOS and insulin resistance (ControlID +) and without PCOS and non-insulin resistance (ControlID-) were divided into 4 groups (n=25). DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) index was used for dental health evaluation, while pH meter was used for saliva pH measurement. Also, Streptococcus Mutans (S. Mutans) numbers were analyzed by the real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. In statistical analysis

Analysis of enamel structure and mineral density after different bleaching protocols using micro-computed tomography

Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of three different bleaching applications on structural integrity, mineral volume (MV) and density of the enamel by using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and evaluate the colour effectiveness using CIEDE2000. Materials and methods Twenty-four maxillary premolar teeth were divided into three groups (n = 8) (group 1: 40% HP gel with erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser activation; group 2: 40% HP gel with diode laser activation; group 3: 16% CP gel). Bleaching protocols were applied and colour alteration was obtained. Data were calculated with CIEDE2000 before and after bleaching. A Micro-CT was used to scan the specimens before and after the bleaching application. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Results No significant difference was observed between the groups for colour changes (p > .05). Micro-CT analysis showed significant differences in structural thickness, structural separation, mineral density and MV for the different ROIs before and after bleaching for all groups (p<.05). Conclusions All of the bleaching methods represented similar efficiency. However, bleaching with Er,Cr:YSGG laser was less harmful to enamel in comparison with other bleaching methods. The present results may be useful for establishing a numerical standard for the change in bleaching with laser systems in dental hard tissues

Past, Present and Future of Pharmacovigilance

Pharmacovigilance, is a scientific study related to follow-up problems in drug administrations and identify, record, announce and take due precautions for these problems. Pharmacovigilance works on to increase safety and effectiveness of drugs and minimize the risks associated with drug use. It is significantly developed and continues to improve to satisfy the recent needs. While information spreads like wildfire in the world, there is a need for strategic planning which adopts an integrated approach to go through difficulties caused by increased transmission between borders, easy acceptance of medical product diversity and increased safety expectation of public. We will need dynamic improvement and continuation of pharmacovigilance in all its parts to improve public health and safety. [Archives Medical Review Journal 2016; 25(2.000): 129-139

Micro-computed tomography analysis of enamel structure after different bleaching treatments

The aim of this investigation is to assess effect of three different bleaching techniques on structural integrity, mineral density and volume of enamel via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and examine color changes by CIELAB and CIEDE2000 formulas. Twenty-four upper premolar teeth were randomly separated into three different groups (n = 8) (group 1, 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel with Er,Cr:YSGG laser activation; group 2, 35% HP gel with diode laser activation; group 3, 35% HP gel with chemically activation). High-resolution micro-CT system (Bruker Skyscan 1275, Kontich, Belgium) was carried out to scan samples. Each tooth was scanned twice before-after application of bleaching with same scanning parameters. Structural thickness, structural separation, fragmentation index, mineral density, and mineral volume of enamel were calculated for each region of interest (ROI). Color changes were measured with spectrophotometer and calculated with CIELAB and CIEDE2000 formulas. Data analysis was made with one-way ANOVA with post-hoc LSD. Micro-CT analysis indicated that statistically significant differences were found in structural thickness, and separation, mineral density, and mineral volume of enamel for different ROIs before and after whitening for whole groups (P .05). All bleaching applications exhibited similar efficiency on the enamel surface. Nevertheless, bleaching process with Er,Cr:YSGG laser had less negative effects on enamel as it showed less change in enamel compared to other bleaching treatments. Micro-CT analysis of histomorphometric parameters can be useful for further mineralization studies of dental hard tissues

Diyot Lazerle Yapılan Ofis Beyazlatma Tedavisi Sonrası Ozon Uygulamasının Sınıf V Kavitelerde Mikrosızıntı Üzerine Etkisi

Objective: This study investigated the effect of ozone treatment on the microleakage of class V composite restorations after using two different bleaching agents with laser activation. Materials and Methods: Forty non-carious maxillary central incisor teeth extracted for periodontal disease were used and randomly divided into two main groups. Group 1: Bleaching agent including 40% H2O2 was activated with laser (Diode 980 nm, Gigaa Dental Laser Cheese, China). Group 2: Bleaching agent including 35% H2O2 was activated with the same laser. Then, the teeth were randomly divided into two subgroups (n=10). Ten specimens in each subgroup were subjected to ozone treatment (Ozonytron XP-OZ, MIO International, Germany) for 30 seconds, while the remaining left untreated/remainings were control group. After class V cavity preparation on the buccal surfaces, all cavities were filled with composite resin (Filtek Z550, 3M ESPE, USA). Following thermal cycling (5–55°C, 5000×), the specimens were subjected to dye penetration within 0.5% basic fuchsine for 24h. Then, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally to evaluate staining and the depth of staining along with the tooth-restoration interface was recorded with a stereomicroscope.  Results: There were no significant differences between the two bleaching agents in microleakage of restorations (p &gt; 0.05). The ozone treatment didn’t decrease the microleakage values (p &gt; 0.05). There were significant differences among the scores of microleakage at the enamel and gingival margins  (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Ozone treatment did not affect microleakage values of class V composite restorations after dental bleaching