Evidence for the presence of a pentosanase inhibitor in wheat flours

3 tables 4 graph.International audienc

Variability in dehydrodiferulic acid composition of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and distribution in milling fractions

6 tables 1 graph.International audienc

Relative amounts of tissues in mature wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain and their carbohydrate and phenolic acid composition

Hand dissection of mature grains from two common wheats (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Caphorn and cv. Crousty) were performed to quantitatively assess their tissue composition and to obtain homogeneous samples of embryonic axis, scutellum, starchy endosperm, aleurone layer, hyaline layer, outer pericarp and a composite layer made up of testa+hyaline layer+inner pericarp. Polymeric neutral sugar and phenolic acid contents of the samples were determined and used to identify specific composition patterns in each tissue irrespective of the cultivar. The scutellum and embryonic axis showed the lowest amount of carbohydrates with similar relative amounts of arabinose and xylose (Ara+Xyl), but the scutellum differed from the embryonic axis in its high phenolic acid, in particular ferulate dehydrodimer, content. The peripheral layers of the grains were mainly composed of cell wall polysaccharides, chiefly arabinoxylans but with differing structures. The hyaline layer was mostly composed of arabinoxylan with extremely low Ara/Xyl ratio (0.1), with high amounts of ferulic acid monomers and hence very weakly crosslinked. The aleurone layer differed from the outer pericarp by its much lower Ara/Xyl ratio and lower amounts of ferulic acid dimers and trimers. High proportions of ether-linked phenolic acids (released by alkali at 170 °C) were detected specifically in the seed coat and tissues in the crease region. The possible application of biochemical markers found in the various tissues to monitor wheat grain fractionation processes is discussed

Feruloylated arabinoxylan and arabinoxylan-protein solutions do not gel upon gamma-irradiation

42 ref.International audienc

Oxidative cross-linking of wheat arabinoxylans by manganese peroxidase. Comparison with laccase and horseradish peroxidase. Effect of cysteine and tyrosine on gelation

International audienc

Glucose metabolism ontogenesis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the light of the recently sequenced genome : new tools for nutritional programming

International audienc

Glucose Metabolism Ontogenesis in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) in the Light of the Recently Sequenced Genome: New Tools for Intermediary Metabolism Programming

International audienc

Glucose Metabolism Ontogenesis in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) in the Light of the Recently Sequenced Genome : New Tools for Nutritional Programming

International audienc

Availability of essential amino acids, nutrient utilisation and growth in juvenile black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, following fishmeal replacement by plant protein

International audienceTwo trials with juvenile black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) were undertaken to study the effects of replacing fishmeal by different levels of plant proteins on growth performances and nutrient utilisation of shrimp in semi-intensive conditions (Expt. 1) and on the availability of dietary nitrogen (N) and amino acids (Expt. 2). Five isoproteic diets (on crude protein basis) were formulated to contain 34, 24, 16, 8, or 0% fishmeal, with fishmeal being replaced by a mixture of plant protein (corn gluten meal, wheat gluten, and rapeseed meal). In Expt. 1, the shrimp (initial body weight, IBW 1.5 ± 0.1 g) were reared in earthen ponds for 144 days and fed one of the experimental diets. Apparent digestibility of nutrients and AA were assessed in Expt. 2, using 150 L tanks and shrimp of 12.8 ± 0.4 g IBW. After 144 days in grow-out ponds, shrimp fed the diet with 24% of fishmeal had similar growth as those fed the control diet containing 34% fishmeal (0% replacement). When 50% or more of the fishmeal were replaced, weight gain as well as N and energy gains significantly decreased. Digestibility of dry matter, protein and energy was also significantly lower in all fishmeal-replaced diets. In particular, leucine digestibility decreased by 26% at 100% replacement, which was significantly correlated to an increased incorporation of corn gluten meal. Our data confirm the need to improve our knowledge on AA availability and raw material quality in order to improve fishmeal replacement in P. monodon diets

Glucose metabolism ontogenesis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the light of the recently sequenced genome : new tools for nutritional programming

International audienc