Health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke, a report of the Surgeon General

Prepared by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under the direction of the Office of the Surgeon General.Mode of access: Internet from the Surgeon General's web site. Address as of 6/29/06: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/secondhandsmoke/secondhandsmoke.pdf; current access is available via PURL

Report of the Surgeon General

Cover title.Shipping list no.: 1994-0111-P.Also available via Internet from the NIH Web site. Address as of 8/26/04: http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/B/C/F/T/%5F/nnbcft.pdf; current access available via PURL.Also available on the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 11)

How tobacco smoke causes disease

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A Report of the Surgeon General: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: What It Means to You. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2010

The association between green space and cause-specific mortality in urban New Zealand: an ecological analysis of green space utility

<b>Background:</b> There is mounting international evidence that exposure to green environments is associated with health benefits, including lower mortality rates. Consequently, it has been suggested that the uneven distribution of such environments may contribute to health inequalities. Possible causative mechanisms behind the green space and health relationship include the provision of physical activity opportunities, facilitation of social contact and the restorative effects of nature. In the New Zealand context we investigated whether there was a socioeconomic gradient in green space exposure and whether green space exposure was associated with cause-specific mortality (cardiovascular disease and lung cancer). We subsequently asked what is the mechanism(s) by which green space availability may influence mortality outcomes, by contrasting health associations for different types of green space. <b>Methods:</b> This was an observational study on a population of 1,546,405 living in 1009 small urban areas in New Zealand. A neighbourhood-level classification was developed to distinguish between usable (i.e., visitable) and non-usable green space (i.e., visible but not visitable) in the urban areas. Negative binomial regression models were fitted to examine the association between quartiles of area-level green space availability and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (n = 9,484; 1996 - 2005) and from lung cancer (n = 2,603; 1996 - 2005), after control for age, sex, socio-economic deprivation, smoking, air pollution and population density. <b>Results:</b> Deprived neighbourhoods were relatively disadvantaged in total green space availability (11% less total green space for a one standard deviation increase in NZDep2001 deprivation score, p < 0.001), but had marginally more usable green space (2% more for a one standard deviation increase in deprivation score, p = 0.002). No significant associations between usable or total green space and mortality were observed after adjustment for confounders. <b>Conclusion</b> Contrary to expectations we found no evidence that green space influenced cardiovascular disease mortality in New Zealand, suggesting that green space and health relationships may vary according to national, societal or environmental context. Hence we were unable to infer the mechanism in the relationship. Our inability to adjust for individual-level factors with a significant influence on cardiovascular disease and lung cancer mortality risk (e.g., diet and alcohol consumption) will have limited the ability of the analyses to detect green space effects, if present. Additionally, green space variation may have lesser relevance for health in New Zealand because green space is generally more abundant and there is less social and spatial variation in its availability than found in other contexts

A new methodology for automating acoustic emission detection of metallic fatigue fractures in highly demanding aerospace environments: An overview

The acoustic emission (AE) phenomenon has many attributes that make it desirable as a structural health monitoring or non-destructive testing technique, including the capability to continuously and globally monitor large structures using a sparse sensor array and with no dependency on defect size. However, AE monitoring is yet to fulfil its true potential, due mainly to limitations in location accuracy and signal characterisation that often arise in complex structures with high levels of background noise. Furthermore, the technique has been criticised for a lack of quantitative results and the large amount of operator interpretation required during data analysis. This paper begins by introducing the challenges faced in developing an AE based structural health monitoring system and then gives a review of previous progress made in addresing these challenges. Subsequently an overview of a novel methodology for automatic detection of fatigue fractures in complex geometries and noisy environments is presented, which combines a number of signal processing techniques to address the current limitations of AE monitoring. The technique was developed for monitoring metallic landing gear components during pre-flight certification testing and results are presented from a full-scale steel landing gear component undergoing fatigue loading. Fracture onset was successfully identify automatically at 49,000 fatigue cycles prior to final failure (validated by the use of dye penetrant inspection) and the fracture position was located to within 10. mm of the actual location

Roscoe M. Chase\u27s Field Hospital Reports

A photocopy of Roscoe M. Chase\u27s field hospital report and tag (front/back). Chase was shot near Belleau Wood and this is the report of his wounds. 1) Paper Field Hospital # 23 Bed # [blank] Name and No. Chase, Roscoe M. No.304249 Rank and cmd. Private. 17th Co. 5th Marines Date admitted June 10. 748 P.M. Diagnosis G. S. W. back + left side between 6 + 7th ribs non penetration [illegable] 430 + 5 p. m. by shrapnel. Clinical data Large gaping wound below lower angle left [illegable]. non penetrating [paper torn] wound clean, [illegable, paper torn] dressing applied, [illegable, paper torn] Tetanus antitoxin Treatment A. J. S. [Illegable]position [Illegable] 830 p.m. 2) Tag Front Date, Hour and station where tagged: 6/10/18 M Field Name Chase, Roscoe M #304249 Rank and Regt. or Corps: 17th Rt 5th Marines, 1st Batt. Diagnosis: Gunshot wound of back (left side) Treatment: First aid - Tetanus given Signature: R. O\u27B Shea [Richard O\u27B. Shea, Asst Surgeon] 3) Tag Back Supplemental Record: 1/4 gr morphine given F. H. 15. [ gr refers to Greely units]https://digitalmaine.com/chase_241500/1009/thumbnail.jp

Family day care educators : an exploration of their understanding and experiences promoting children\u27s social and emotional wellbeing

This study aimed to explore family day care (FDC) educators&rsquo; knowledge of child social and emotional wellbeing and mental health problems, the strategies used to promote children&rsquo;s wellbeing, and barriers and opportunities for promoting children&rsquo;s social and emotional wellbeing. Thirteen FDC educators participated in individual semi-structured interviews. FDC educators were more comfortable defining children&rsquo;s social and emotional wellbeing than they were in identifying causes and early signs of mental health problems. Strategies used to promote children&rsquo;s mental health were largely informal and dependent on educator skills and capacities rather than a systematic scheme-wide approach. Common barriers to mental health promotion were limited financial resources, a need for more training and hesitance raising child mental health issues with parents. There is a need to build FDC educators&rsquo; knowledge of child social and emotional wellbeing and for tailored mental health promotion strategies in FDC.<br /

Children's experience of trauma because of marriage conflict

The writing of this thesis is to investigate the role that the church plays for the children living with conflicting parents. This investigation takes us both into the role of Gcuwa Circuit and the Presbyterian Church of Africa in the fight against traumatized children because of parent’s conflict. The researcher’s question through this thesis is to find out the role of the church as it seeks to take care for those affected children. This thesis is to enhance the response of the churches and societies to fight against abuse of children. It has attempted to explore new theological perspectives and utilise the available ones, which have already been dealing with issues that address children’s trauma as a result of conflicting parents. The study also seeks to encourage church ministers, pastors and lay leaders to provide the much needed leadership in the fight against children’s trauma and its accompanying social problems of injustices, culture and gender inequality. The church has the pastoral responsibilities for ensuring that all children enjoy their full rights. Nevertheless effective therapy and pastoral care normally transcends all these barriers.Dissertation (MA(Theol))--University of Pretoria, 2011.Practical Theologyunrestricte

A report of surgical cases treates in the Army of the United States from 1865 to1871

Copia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, d2024Rústica, deteriorada.Registro de la Propiedad Intelectual: Ley de 1847: [sin número]Sello: "Ministerio de Fomento, Biblioteca Agrícola

A systematic review of physical activity interventions among A frican A merican adults: evidence from 2009 to 2013

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108692/1/obr12205.pd