Rhinitis in athletes

This thesis examines chronic rhinitis in athletes, aiming to understand its impact on quality of life (QoL) and differentiate between outdoor and indoor sports. Through systematic reviews and large-scale studies, the research evaluates the effect of exercise on nasal mucosa, explores the relationship between rhinitis and allergic symptoms, and assesses the prevalence of nasal symptoms in athletes compared to sedentary controls.Additionally, the study investigates the prevalence of chronic rhinitis in elite and non-elite swimmers, highlighting its implications for QoL. Further investigation into sleep quality and daytime sleepiness among swimmers provides insights into the association between rhinitis and sleep disturbances.The thesis concludes with a comprehensive overview of nasal dysfunction in athletes, addressing causes, treatments, and areas for further research within anti-doping regulations. By shedding light on the multifaceted impact of chronic rhinitis on athletes' health and performance, this research contributes to the development of informed interventions to optimize athletes' well-being and athletic outcomes

Rhinitis in athletes

This thesis examines chronic rhinitis in athletes, aiming to understand its impact on quality of life (QoL) and differentiate between outdoor and indoor sports. Through systematic reviews and large-scale studies, the research evaluates the effect of exercise on nasal mucosa, explores the relationship between rhinitis and allergic symptoms, and assesses the prevalence of nasal symptoms in athletes compared to sedentary controls.Additionally, the study investigates the prevalence of chronic rhinitis in elite and non-elite swimmers, highlighting its implications for QoL. Further investigation into sleep quality and daytime sleepiness among swimmers provides insights into the association between rhinitis and sleep disturbances.The thesis concludes with a comprehensive overview of nasal dysfunction in athletes, addressing causes, treatments, and areas for further research within anti-doping regulations. By shedding light on the multifaceted impact of chronic rhinitis on athletes' health and performance, this research contributes to the development of informed interventions to optimize athletes' well-being and athletic outcomes

Surface Incommensurate Structure in an Anisotropic Model with competing interactions on Semiinfinite Triangular Lattice

An anisotropic spin model on a triangular semiinfinite lattice with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbour interactions and one antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbour interaction is investigated by the cluster transfer-matrix method. A phase diagram with antiphase, ferromagnetic, incommensurate, and disordered phase is obtained. The bulk uniaxial incommensurate structure modulated in the direction of the competing interactions is found between the antiphase and the disordered phase. The incommensurate structure near the surface with free and boundary condition is studied at different temperatures. Paramagnetic damping at the surface and enhancement of the incommensurate structure in the subsurface region at high temperatures and a new subsurface incommensurate structure modulated in two directions at low temperatures are found.Comment: 13 pages, plainTex, 11 figures, paper submitted to J. Phys.

The Effect of Heating on Properties of Sandy Soils

Although burning grass and crop residues is prohibited in many countries, farmers perceive it as a quick and inexpensive way to eliminate unwanted biomass. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of heating temperature (simulation of biomass burning) on the studied properties (soil organic carbon (SOC) content, pH(H2O), water drop penetration time, WDPT, and contact angle, CA) of acidic sandy soils. Soil samples were taken from the experimental sites S1, S2, and S3 at Studienka village in the Borská nížina lowland (southwestern Slovakia). Experimental site S1 was arable land, experimental site S2 was arable land abandoned for approximately 10 years, and experimental site S3 was arable land abandoned for approximately 30 years with scattered Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees. It was found that all the soil properties studied were strongly affected by heating. A drop in SOC was observed in all the soils for the heating temperature between 20 and 600 °C. Due to the incomplete combustion of SOC, a small (0.1–0.7%) SOC content was recorded even in soils heated to between 600 and 900 °C. An increase in pH(H2O) was observed in all the soils for the heating temperature higher than 300 °C. Soil from the experimental site S1 was wettable (WDPT < 5 s) for all of the heating temperatures. WDPT vs. heating temperature relationships for the soils from the experimental sites S2 and S3 were more complex. After a decrease in the heating temperature of 50 °C, an increase in WDPT for the heating temperature between 50 °C and 300 °C (for S3 soil) and 350 C (for S2 soil) was registered. Finally, the WDPT dramatically dropped to 0 for the heating temperature of 350 °C (for S3 soil) and 400 °C (for S2 soil). CA started to decrease at 300 °C in all the soils and dropped to 0° for all the soils at 800 °C. CA > 0° measured in soils for the heating temperature between 400 and 800 °C, as a consequence of the small SOC contents due to the incomplete combustion of SOC, is a novelty of this study which demonstrates that CA is more sensitive to the changes in subcritical water repellency than WDPT

Rhinitis in athletes

This thesis examines chronic rhinitis in athletes, aiming to understand its impact on quality of life (QoL) and differentiate between outdoor and indoor sports. Through systematic reviews and large-scale studies, the research evaluates the effect of exercise on nasal mucosa, explores the relationship between rhinitis and allergic symptoms, and assesses the prevalence of nasal symptoms in athletes compared to sedentary controls.Additionally, the study investigates the prevalence of chronic rhinitis in elite and non-elite swimmers, highlighting its implications for QoL. Further investigation into sleep quality and daytime sleepiness among swimmers provides insights into the association between rhinitis and sleep disturbances.The thesis concludes with a comprehensive overview of nasal dysfunction in athletes, addressing causes, treatments, and areas for further research within anti-doping regulations. By shedding light on the multifaceted impact of chronic rhinitis on athletes' health and performance, this research contributes to the development of informed interventions to optimize athletes' well-being and athletic outcomes

The role of dexmedetomidine as an additive to intravenous regional anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Intravenous Regional Anesthesia (IVRA) is a reliable and cost-effective anesthetic method for minor surgical procedures to the extremities. Limitations of this block include tourniquet discomfort, short duration of anesthesia, and absence of postoperative analgesia. Dexmedetomidine has been used as an adjuvant to minimize these negative characteristics with inconclusive results. Aim: To perform a systematic review of the existing evidence on the role of dexmedetomidine as an additive to intravenous regional anesthesia in upper limb surgery. Study Design: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Methods: The databases searched were MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, and clinicaltrials. gov (1990-2019). Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. We analyzed the duration of analgesia, onset time of sensory and motor block, intraoperative tourniquet pain scores, the incidence of tourniquet pain, need for rescue analgesia, intraoperative rescue analgesia consumption, sedation scores, postoperative pain scores, and anesthesia quality. Results: Intraoperative analgesia duration (MD 11.08 min; 95% CI 5.42, 16.75; P < .0001) was longer and sensory block onset time (MD −2.10 min; 95% CI −3.345, −0.86; P = .00009) was shorter in the dexmedetomidine group. Anesthesia quality scores (MD 0.58; 95% CI 0.47, 0.70; P < .00001) and postoperative sedation scores (MD 1.03; 95% CI 0.88, 1.24; P < .00001) were significantly higher. There was a significant reduction in intraoperative rescue analgesia consumption (MD −19.70 mg; 95% CI −24.15, −15.26; P < .00001) in the dexme-detomidine group. The risk of tourniquet pain as well as postoperative pain scores were lower in favor of dexmedetomidine. The addition of dexmedetomidine to IVRA slightly increased the risk of sedation. A limitation of our study is that some of the interesting outcomes derive from a small number of RCTs. Conclusion: The addition of dexmedetomidine to IVRA ameliorates the block’s characteristics and carries a low risk of potential side effects. © 2021, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved

Nasal changes associated with exercise in athletes: systematic review

The prevalence of rhinitis in athletes has frequently been studied in combination with asthma, but the impact of exercise on the paracrine and secretory functions of nasal mucosa is less well established. This systematic review aimed to examine the effect of exercise on nasal mucosa in elite athletes. A systematic search of Medline, Embase and the non-Medline subset of PubMed, from inception to 8th March 2016, was performed to identify studies on rhinitis in athletes. Of the 373 identified unique articles, a total of 8 studies satisfied the criteria for this review. There is no evidence in the existing literature that indicates a reduction in nasal airway induced by exercise. Olfaction and mucociliary transport time are affected in swimmers, which can likely be attributed to chlorine irritation and which resolves with training cessation. Short-term strenuous exercise may trigger changes in cytology and prolonged mucociliary transport time, which also resolve quickly with res

Impact of secondary succession in abandoned fields on some properties of acidic sandy soils

Abandonment of agricultural lands in recent decades is occurring mainly in Europe, North America and Oceania, and changing the fate of landscapes as the ecosystem recovers during fallow stage. The objective of this study was to find the impact of secondary succession in abandoned fields on some parameters of acidic sandy soils in the Borsk\ue1 n\ued\uc5ina lowland (southwestern Slovakia). We investigated soil chemical (pH and soil organic carbon content), hydrophysical (water sorptivity, and hydraulic conductivity), and water repellency (water drop penetration time, water repellency cessation time, repellency index, and modified repellency index) parameters, as well as the ethanol sorptivity of the studied soils. Both the hydrophysical and chemical parameters decreased significantly during abandonment of the three investigated agricultural fields. On the other hand, the water repellency parameters increased significantly, but the ethanol sorptivity did not change during abandonment. As the ethanol sorptivity depends mainly on soil pore size, the last finding could mean that the pore size of acidic sandy soils did not change during succession