Makam Sayyid Husein Bin Abu Bakar Al-Aydarus: Jaringan Spiritual Usmani Di Indonesia Akhir Abad Ke-19

This article investigates Indonesian history with transnational approach espe- cially in tracing social community of Indonesia in the context of globalization during nineteenth century. In this article, author focuses on holy tomb of ulama or saint (wali), Sayyid Husein bin Abu Bakar al-Aydarus, who died in the late eighteenth century and buried in Batavia. Although he died more than a century a go, his influence through tomb still can be sensed until now. In the nineteenth century, the tomb of Sayyid Husein bin Abu Bakar al-Aydarus became a symbolic mediator of Arab Hadrami communities in Batavia to build contact with the only Independence Muslim states, Ottoman state, after the decline of Mughal state in 1857. In the late nineteenth century, Hadrami communities requested donation from Ottoman sultan or Caliph to repair the tomb of Sayyid Husein bin Abu Bakar al-Aydarus. Upon this request, author concludes that in the middle of modernization and globalization, Ottoman government in Istanbul at that juncture was still concerned to preserve its spiritual network wiwth Indonesian Archipelago based on the Tradition of Islam (al-din)

Turkish Laicism in Indonesia's Newspapers (1920-1940) and Its Influence on Indonesian Secularists and Muslims Thoughts

The Republic of Turkey was established in 1923 after the Treaty of Sevres and Lausanne were ratified by the Turkish nationalists led by Mustafa Kamal. This establishment has marked the beginning of a new era in the political, social, economic, and cultural lives of Turks. The main concern for Turkish statesmen was laicism. The policy has a significant effect on the global world, especially for the Dutch Indies. The purpose of this article is to provide a critical analysis of the roles of Indonesian-language newspapers in informing Dutch Indies citizens about Turkey's secularization process and how newspapers served as the primary medium for disseminating information about Turkey. Through newspapers, Muslims from Nusantara (the archipelago) expressed their views on the Turks' secularisation efforts. This study employed a historical method using contemporary Indonesian-language newspapers from the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. The news of Turkey's secularisation had a significant impact on the thoughts of Indonesian secularists and Muslims in laying the nation's foundation in the 1940s