5,719 research outputs found
Statesâ Evolving Role in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program
States have always been crucial to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly food stamps). Even though the federal government has paid virtually all the programâs beneïŹt costs, state administration has always been indispensable for several reasons. State and local governments pay their staff considerably less than the federal government, making state administration less expensive. States already administer other important antipoverty programs, notably family cash assistance and Medicaid, allowing them to coordinate the programs and minimize repetitive activities. And states have somewhat lower, and less polarizing, political footprints than does the federal government, moderating criticism of the program. In addition, giving states a stake in SNAPâs administration often has co-opted them to support, or at least avoid attacking, the program
A Hiatus in Soft-Power Administrative Law: The Case of Medicaid Eligibility Waivers
Administrative law is fundamentally a regime of soft power. Congress, the President, administrative agencies, civil servants, and the courts all operate within a broad consensus for rational, good-faith decisionmaking. Congress grants agencies discretion, and courts and civil servants defer to agenciesâ political leadership based largely on the expectation that the latter are seeking to honor statutesâ purposes. That expectation of prudential restraint also allays concerns about delegations of legislative power. When the executive systematically disregards that expectation and seeks single-mindedly to maximize achievement of its policy objectives, deferenceâs justification breaks down.
Across agencies, the Trump administration has disregarded the assumptions on which administrative lawâs soft power consensus depends. Its waivers allowing states to deny Medicaid to otherwise eligible low-income people unable to find employment exemplifies this disregard. Exploiting a sweeping delegation of authority to test new ways to achieve Medicaidâs goal of providing health care coverage, this administration has instead sought to achieve very different goals, from legislation that Congress has rejected. The waiver applications themselves estimate substantial increases in the numbers of uninsured people.
Ignoring the administrationâs disregard of the longstanding administrative law consensus could deter future Congresses from valuable delegations of discretion. Permanently abandoning the deferential soft-power model would seriously undermine future governance. Instead, courts and civil servants should treat this period as a hiatus in consensus for good-faith decisionmaking. Courts should suspend deference and other aspects of soft-power jurisprudence. And civil servants should comply with political officialsâ lawful directions but should remain steadfastly truthful in their words and actions
Slavery and Manumission in the Pre-Constantine Church
This paper looks at the churchâs handling of the issue of slavery in the period before Constantine and the official recognition of Christianity. The time period is important because Christians had no political authority to end slavery, assuming they wanted to do so. Thus, the aim of the paper is discover how the Church as an institution alleviated the conditions of the slaves and how slaves were treated in the church and examine the relationship of slave to master in the church. This will be accomplished by examining certain doctrines of the faith church leaders applied to these problems as well as ancient understandings of what Paul had written and how it fit into their world and social context, which was the social context of the Bible itself. More specifically, by examining Paulâs letter to Philemon, Ignatiusâ Epistle to Polycarp, and the Didache, the paper argues that the early church, using a Scriptural model, worked within its circumstances to ameliorate slavesâ material conditions, to bring all classes of people to the saving knowledge of Jesus Christ, and to ensure that, within the church, all people were treated as equals
Displaced by Hurricane Katrina: Issues and Options for Medicare Beneficiaries
Identifies potential problems and offers options for assisting Medicare beneficiaries during the period following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Describes areas to be considered in future disaster planning efforts
On Neutrinos and Fermionic Mass Patterns
Recent data on neutrino mass differences are consistent with a hierarchical
neutrino mass structure strikingly similar to what is observed for the other
fermionic masses.Comment: 8pages, 2figure
Minimal archi-texture for neutrino mass matrices
The origin of the observed masses and mixing angles of quarks and leptons is
one of imperative subjects in and beyond the standard model. Toward a deeper
understanding of flavor structure, we investigate in this paper the minimality
of fermion mass (Yukawa) matrices in unified theory. That is, the simplest
matrix form is explored in light of the current experimental data for quarks
and leptons, including the recent measurements of quark CP violation and
neutrino oscillations. Two types of neutrino mass schemes are particularly
analyzed; (i) Majorana masses of left-handed neutrinos with unspecified
mechanism and (ii) Dirac and Majorana masses introducing three right-handed
neutrinos. As a result, new classes of neutrino mass matrices are found to be
consistent to the low-energy experimental data and high-energy unification
hypothesis. For distinctive phenomenological implications of the minimal
fermion mass textures, we discuss flavor-violating decay of charged leptons,
the baryon asymmetry of the universe via thermal leptogenesis, neutrino-less
double beta decay, and low-energy leptonic CP violation.Comment: 37 pages, 6 figure
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