A Scoping Review of Voxel-Model Applications to Enable Multi-Domain Data Integration in Architectural Design and Urban Planning

Although voxel models have been applied to address diverse problems in computer-aided design processes, their role in multi-domain data integration in digital architecture and planning has not been extensively studied. The primary objective of this study is to map the current state of the art and to identify open questions concerning data structuring, integration, and modeling and design of multi-scale objects and systems in architecture. Focus is placed on types of voxel models that are linked with computer-aided design models. This study utilizes a semi-systematic literature review methodology that combines scoping and narrative methodology to examine different types and uses of voxel models. This is done across a range of disciplines, including architecture, spatial planning, computer vision, geomatics, geosciences, manufacturing, and mechanical and civil engineering. Voxel-model applications can be found in studies addressing generative design, geomatics, material science and computational morphogenesis. A targeted convergence of these approaches can lead to integrative, holistic, data-driven design approaches. We present (1) a summary and systematization of the research results reported in the literature in a novel manner, (2) the identification of research gaps concerning voxel-based data structures for multi-domain and trans-scalar data integration in architectural design and urban planning, and (3) any further research questions

ECOLOPES

Urban areas are facing significant challenges regarding degradation of environments and ecosystems, species loss, and increased vulnerability to climate hazards, all of which impact negatively upon human health and well-being. Focusing on building envelopes can offer an effective approach to the regeneration of urban ecosystems, by providing new spatial opportunities in dense urban environments. The H2020 FET Open project ECOLOPES - ECOlogical building enveLOPES aims to develop a game-changing design approach for regenerative urban ecosystems. An Ecolope is a building envelope designed as a multi-species living space for four types of inhabitants: plants, animals, microbiota, and humans. ECOLOPES adopts a holistic multi-species approach, going beyond the provision of ecosystem services (i.e., benefits provided by nature to society and the economy). The goal is to develop the technology to plan and design urbanization with an integrated approach that addresses the requirements of the urban ecosystem. The paper presents an overview of the first steps towards this approach with focuses on data selection and integration, algorithmic modelling, and on developing an urban classification system that will be used for the project development