The Importance of Mentoring on Organizational Socialization of The Research Assistants in Anadolu University

The process of becoming a member of an organization and learning all about is known as organizational socialization. Some of the most effective forms of socialization involve the face-to-face contact between senior and junior people. On this process mentors play an important role in the development of this relationship. Mentoring has been defined as: Aone to one, non-judgmental relationship in which an individual voluntarily or professionally gives time to support and encourage another. Mentor provides two kinds of function: Career related and psychosocial. Career related functions include providing sponsorship, exposure-visibility, coaching, protection and challenging assignments. Psychosocial functions include providing role modeling, acceptance and confirmation, counseling and friendship. Mentor-protege relationship in the university has been investigated in this paper. Toexplore mentor-protege relationship and how mentoring develop within the Turkish Universities, especially the one in Anadolu University is the main concern in this study.Organizational Socialization, Mentoring, Career Functions, Psycho-social Functions.

Mentoring Relations in the Aircraft Industry: A Case Study In Turkey

The aim of this study is to evaluate the mentoring process in a private organisation which utilises a very high technology and innovation process. In this organisation, the top managers consider themselves as informal mentors who facilitate the transfer of the organisational culture and knowledge to the working personnel, especially to the engineers. From this perspective, the study investigated the relationship of perceived mentoring functions and gender of the mentees and gender of the dyad relationships in a sample of 85 white-collar employees. Furthermore, interpersonal trust was analysed as the determinant of perceived mentoring relationships. As hypothesised, interpersonal trust was found as a strong factor in mentoring relationships. However, gender of the mentees and gender of the dyad mentoring failed to make significant contributions to perceived mentoring relationships. The findings from this preliminary study suggest that the need for more in-depth research on multicultural issues in mentoring. Specifically organisations under the impact of modern technology and management need more future multicultural quantitative studies

Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde Sınav Bilişim Sistemi Oluşturulması ve Öğretim Üyelerinin Memnuniyet Düzeyleri

Tıp fakültelerinde uygulanan entegre eğitim-öğretim sisteminde öğrencilerin kazanımlarını ölçmek için genellikle çoktan seçmeli sınavlar uygulanmaktadır. Bu sınavlarda soruların güvenli ortamlarda hazırlanarak arşivlenmesi temel ihtiyaçlardan biridir. Bunun yanında, eğitim-öğretimin kalitesini artırmaya yönelik olarak madde analizlerinin yapılması, soruların ayırt edicilik ve güçlük düzeylerinin incelenmesi önem göstermektedir. Soruların ve kitapçıkların hazırlanması, arşivlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi için kolay ulaşılabilir ve kullanıcı dostu sistemler kullanılması, zaman ve işgücü desteği yanında eğitim-öğretim sürecinin kalitesine de katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde sınav bilişim sistemi kurulması ve öğretim üyelerinin süreçten memnuniyetlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistem kurulumundan önce anket çalışması yapılarak öğretim üyelerinin sınav sürecinde yaşadıkları zorluklar ve çok zaman harcadıkları durumlar tespit edilmiş, sınav ve soru hazırlama süreçlerinde önem verilen özellikler incelenmiştir. Sistemin kurulmasından sonra yine anket çalışmasıyla öğretim üyelerinin sınav sürecinde yaşadıkları zorluklar, iş gücü ve zaman kaybı konusunda sistemden memnuniyet düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir. Öğretim üyelerinin oldukça büyük bir çoğunluğu (%77,4 ile %100) sistemin sınav sürecine yaptığı katkılardan memnun olduğunu ifade etmiş, sınav ve soru hazırlama süreçlerinde önem verilen konuların sistem tarafından büyük bir oranda karşılandığı görülmüştür. Sınav sorularının hazırlanması, biçimsel olarak düzeltilmesi ve kitapçık oluşturulması gibi birçok konuda zaman ve iş gücü desteği sağlaması planlanan sınav bilişim sisteminin bu fonksiyonu yerine getirdiği saptanmıştır. Sınav bilişim sistemi sayesinde Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde yapılan sınavların güvenliği yüksek, hata düzeyi düşük ve kullanımı kolay bir ortamda yapıldığı, ölçme-değerlendirme uygulamalarının işlevsellik kazandığı ve öğretim üyelerinin memnuniyetinin oldukça yüksek olduğu görülmüştür

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Fluid management in thoracic anesthesia

Fluid management during thoracic anesthesia remains as a challenge for the anesthesiologists. The "safe zone" between volume overload (risk of pulmonary edema) and hypovolemia (potential risk of renal failure) is hard to determine and narrow. Relationship between perioperative fluid administration and postoperative lung injury has been clearly demonstrated but lung injury can even occur after the most restrictive management. Multiple hit hypothesis and endothelial glycocalyx in addition to revised Starling equation can help us understand this dilemma. Although a "liberal" fluid strategy is out of question for thoracic surgery, evidence on "restrictive" and "goal-directed" fluid strategies are missing. New monitors with dynamic parameters can help to evaluate if the patient will respond to a fluid challenge. However, "volume responsiveness" should not be equated with volume deficiency, especially in a patient with thoracic epidural catheter. Fluid type (crystalloids or colloids) is also another unclear point, although balanced solutions should be preferred for crystalloids. Minimal discontinuation of oral hydration, early feeding and mobilization should be encouraged. This review summarizes current evidence on the topic and highlights unanswered questions