Changes in GUDP from pre to post operation.

<p>Changes in GUDP from pre to post operation.</p

IPSS and pain change before and after HoLEP (n = 100).

<p>IPSS, International Prostatic Symptom Score; GUDP, genitourinary discomfort or pain; NA, not available;</p><p>*, multiple sites included,</p

Significant comparable variables between postoperative persistant GUDP and disappeared GUDP groups among preoperative GUDP patients.

<p>MCC, maximal cystometric capacity; BOO, bladder outlet obstruction; +, the changed differences subtracted IPSS scores from preoperative to postoperative at 6-month; ++, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI); significant p-values<0.05.</p

Baseline demographics.

<p>IPSS, International Prostate symptom Score; Qmax, peak flow rate; TZ, transitional zone; l cystometic capacity; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes; HTN, hypertension; IDC, involuntary detrusor contraction; BOO, bladder outlet obstruction; DO, detrusor overactivity; *, univariate analysis between baseline GUDP and no GUDP.</p

pH-Responsive NIR-Absorbing Fluorescent Polydopamine with Hyaluronic Acid for Dual Targeting and Synergistic Effects of Photothermal and Chemotherapy

In cancer therapy, optimizing tumor-specific delivery, tumor distribution, and cellular uptake of a drug is important for ensuring minimal toxicity and maximum therapeutic efficacy. This study characterized the therapeutic efficacy of a stimulus responsive and dual targeting nanocarrier for a bioimaging-guided photothermal and chemotherapeutic platform. Hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugated with triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and boronic acid (BA) diol-linked β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) forms an inclusion complex with paclitaxel (PTX), creating a shell-like composite on a core of carbonized fluorescent polydopamine nanoparticles (FNPs-pDA) applicable for photothermal therapy as well as bioimaging. The successful diol cross-linking between core@shells generates nanocarriers [FNPs-pDA@HA-TPP-CD-PTX] that can be used as an extracellular HA- and intracellular TPP-mediated dual targeting system. The carbonized FNPs-pDA was cross-linked with the boronic acid groups of HA-TPP-CD-PTX to promote the formation of boronate esters for pH-mediated photothermal activity, which have shown time dependent complete PTX release along with a photothermal mediated response. The in vitro dual bioimaging and photothermal-chemotherapeutic activities were compared between cancer and normal cells. Lysosomal escape and live/dead cells staining confocal images highlight the promise of this system, which might open up a new approach, a simple and versatile method for site-specific synergetic drug delivery

The results of the self-administered questionnaires.

<p>(a) Satisfaction with treatment question (STQ), (b) overall response assessment (ORA), (c) willingness to undergo surgery question (WSQ)</p

The demographics of 11 patients with UUTR.

<p>IV, intravescial chemotherapy; CTx, chemotherapy; F/U; follow-up, Neo, neobladder; IC, ileal conduit; DOD, died of the disease; LWD, lived with the disease; TCC, transitional cell carcinoma; Papil, papillary TCC;</p

Characteristics of patients.

<p>Characteristics of patients.</p

Patients’ characteristics (n = 311).

<p>Patients’ characteristics (n = 311).</p

The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis for patient satisfaction.

<p>Neutral/dissatisfied patients were compared with satisfied patients.</p