Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the secretory production of recombinant proteins via Tat-dependent pathway

Corynebacterium glutamicum, which has been an industrial producer of various L-amino acids, nucleic acids, and vitamins, is now also regarded as a potential host for the secretory production of recombinant proteins since it exhibits numerous ideal features for protein secretion: (i) it has a single cellular membrane as a gram-positive bacterium, which allows proteins to be easily secreted into the extracellular medium. (ii) C. glutamicum secretes only a few endogenous proteins into the culture medium, which allows the simpler purification of target proteins in downstream process. (iii), secreted proteins from C. glutamicum can be kept stable because extracellular protease activity is rarely detectable. To harness its potential as an industrial platform for recombinant protein production, the development of an efficient secretion system is necessary. To achieve this goal first, we engineered several genetic parts in C. glutamicum: (i) synthetic promoters, (ii) plasmid copy number, (iii) signal peptides, (iv) co-expression of secretion machinery proteins. Using the engineered host-vector systems, gram-scale production of recombinant proteins could be achieved in fed-batch cultivation

Leukoaraiosis is associated with pneumonia after acute ischemic stroke

Diagnostic criteria for stroke associated pneumonia based on the CDC criteria. (DOCX 25 kb

Simple Use of the Suppository Type Povidone-Iodine Can Prevent Infectious Complications in Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy

Purpose. To determine the effect of simple use of suppository povidone-iodine on infectious complications after transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the prostate. Methods. All 481 patients are included and received antibiotic prophylaxis. Among them, 360 patients received povidone-iodine suppository (Gynobetadine; 200 mg) immediately prior to biopsy and 121 patients did not. Infectious complications were classified. To evaluate bactericidal effects, we counted bacterial colonies in the rectum, harvested from a rectal swab before insertion of the suppository and after biopsy. Aliquots of the suspended bacterial strains were added to Mueller-Hinton agar medium for incubation. Colony counts were determined. Results. Infectious complications developed in 1 case (0.3%) in the rectal preparation group (Group 1) and in 8 cases (6.6%) in the nonrectal preparation group (Group 2). One in Group 1 had a fever without sepsis. Two patients had sepsis and six had fever without sepsis in Group 2. Rectal preparation was a statistically significant risk factor influencing the development of infectious complications. In vitro experiments, the mean number of colony-forming units decreased 99.9% after the rectal povidone-iodine preparation. Conclusions. All through the biopsy, povidone-iodine melted into the rectum and decreased the bacterial colony count. Simple use of povidone-iodine suppository before prostate biopsy minimizes the risk of infectious complications