6 research outputs found
Effets de la vitesse de glycolyse post mortem du muscle de dinde : une analyse biochimique et protÃĐomique
Deux groupes de dinde sont sÃĐlectionnÃĐs selon leur valeur du pH20min post mortem  du muscle Pectoralis major. Les modifications des protÃĐines sont ÃĐtudiÃĐes dans des muscles du groupe glycolyse rapide (GR, pH20min = 5,80 + 0,07, n = 20) et ceux du groupe glycolyse normale (GN, pH20min = 6,21 + 0,01, n = 20) à 20 min et à 24 h post mortem. La viande GR exhibe les qualitÃĐs technologiques plus faibles (plus pertes à la conservation et moins aptitudes aux transformations) que la viande GN par contre la valeur de L* n'est pas diffÃĐrente entre ces deux groupes de viande. Les rÃĐsultats de teneur en glycogÃĻne et en ses mÃĐtabolites confirment la vitesse plus ÃĐlevÃĐe de glycolyse de viande GR. Les faibles extractabilitÃĐs des protÃĐines myofibrillaire (fraction HIS) et cytosquelletiques (fraction culot) à 20 min post mortem du groupe GR peuvent Être un rÃĐsultat de la combinaison bas pH â tempÃĐrature ÃĐlevÃĐe conduisant à la dÃĐnaturation des protÃĐines musculaires. Cependant, la viande GR semble avoir une maturation plus faible que la viande GN. AprÃĻs une sÃĐparation des protÃĐines par SDS-PAGE, quelques animaux du groupe GR prÃĐsentent une forte baisse d'intensitÃĐ des bandes situÃĐes autour de 45 kDa et 200 kDa. Ces protÃĐines sont identifiÃĐes comme l'actine et la chaÃŪne lourde de la myosine (MHC), respectivement. Leurs quantitÃĐs relatives ne diffÃĻrent pas entre les deux groupes à 20 min post mortem. Par contre, les viandes GR ont une moins de quantitÃĐ relative de l'actine à 24 h post mortem. Toutefois, les quantitÃĐs relatives d'actine et de MHC sont augmentÃĐes avec le temps post mortem. Les activitÃĐs de la phosphofructokinase, de l'aldolase A et de la GAPDH sont infÃĐrieures pour la viande GR. Cependant, les paramÃĻtres cinÃĐtiques d'aldolase A et de GAPDH, la quantitÃĐ relative de GAPDH ainsi que l'expression du gÃĻne codant pour l'aldolase A ne sont pas diffÃĐrents entre la viande des groupes GR et GN. ABSTRACT : Two groups of turkey breast muscle (Pectoralis major) were selected according to their rates of glycolysis. Protein alterations of rapid glycolysis group (GR, pH20min=5.80 + 0.07, n=20) and that of normal glycolysis group (GN, pH20min = 6.21 + 0.01, n=20) were then investigated at 20 min and 24 h post mortem. GR meat had lower technological quality (higher drip loss and lower yields of transformations) than GN meat while the lightness is not different between the 2 groups of meat. The results of glycogen and its metabolite contents confirmed that GR represents the higher rate of glycolysis. The lower extractabilities of high ionic strength (HIS) and pellet proteins at 20min post mortem in GR could be a result of protein denaturation caused by the combination low pH-high temperature. However, based on the extractabilities at 24 h post mortem, GR showed lower meat maturation. From SDS-PAGE of samples at 24 h post mortem, GR exhibited lower band intensities at 45 and 200 kDa which further identified as actin and myosin heavy chain (MHC), respectively. Western Blots revealed that relative amounts of actin and MHC at 20 min post mortem were not different between groups. However, GR muscles had less relative amount of actin at 24 h post mortem. It also indicated that amounts of actin and MHC increased with regard to post mortem time. GR muscle showed lower activities of phosphofructokinase, aldolase A and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehygrogenase (GAPDH) than GN muscle. However, the kinetic parameters of aldolase A and GAPDH, the relative quantity of GAPDH as well as the gene expression coded for aldolase A were not different between GR and G
Utilization of Egg Albumen: Application and Optimization of Gelatin and Carrageenan for Pudding Production via Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
This study was aimed to develop an albumen pudding by application and optimization of gelatin and carrageenan as food additives using response surface methodology (RSM). Albumen pudding was produced from 55% (v/v) albumen concentration. Effect of concentrations of gelatin (2, 4 and 6% (w/v)) and carrageenan (0.3, 0.5 and 0.7% (w/v)) on puddingâs physical and sensorial properties was investigated. Results revealed that a concentration of food additives correlated with syneresis, springiness, hardness, firmness and overall liking scores (R2= 0.932, 0.821, 0.956, 0.854 and 0.864, respectively). The higher gelatin and carrageenan concentrations added, the lower syneresis, springiness, hardness, firmness and overall liking scores were observed. The overall liking score ranged from 5.9-6.7 (slightly-liked to moderately-liked) compare to 7.5 (moderately-liked) of the control sample. From RSM analysis, the suitable concentrations of gelatin and carrageenan were 1.5-5.6% (w/v) and 0.25-0.61% (w/v), respectively
āļāļĢāļāļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĨāļēāļāļđāļāđāļēāđāļāđāđāļāđāļA Case Study to Increase Packing Efficiency of Frozen Tuna Loin
āļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļĨāļēāļāļđāļāđāļēāđāļāđāđāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļ 6 āļāļīāđāļĨāļāļĢāļąāļĄ/āļāļļāļ āļāļāļāļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāļāđāļģāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļēāļāļēāļāļŦāļ§āļąāļāļāļĩāđāļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļāļģāļŦāļāļ āļāļ·āļ āļĄāļĩāļāđāļē 51 āļāļļāļ/āļāļ/āļāļąāđāļ§āđāļĄāļ āđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļąāļ 60 āļāļļāļ/āļāļ/āļāļąāđāļ§āđāļĄāļ āļāļēāļĄāļĨāļģāļāļąāļ āđāļĄāļ·āđāļāļāļīāļāļēāļĢāļāļēāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĻāļąāļĒāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļĄāļ·āļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāļāđ āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļŠāļēāđāļŦāļāļļāļāļĩāđāļāļģāđāļŦāđāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāļāđāļģāļĄāļĩāļāļĒāļđāđ 3 āļŠāļēāđāļŦāļāļļāļŦāļĨāļąāļ āļāļ·āļ āļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļĄāđāļŠāļāļāļāļĨāđāļāļāļāļąāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļģāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāļāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļāđāļāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļąāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļ§āļāđāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāđāļāļāļĢāļąāļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđāļāđāļēāļĒāļŠāļēāļĒāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļ āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāļĨāļāđāļāđ 1 āļāļ āđāļāļĒāđāļĄāđāļŠāđāļāļāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļ āđāļĄāļ·āđāļāļāļģāļŦāļāļāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļĄāļēāļāļĢāļāļēāļ (Standard Time) āļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāđāļ 46.5 āļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩ/āļāļļāļ āļāļēāļĄāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļģāļāļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļāļķāļāļāļāļĢāļĄāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļđāļāđāļŠāļĩāļĒāđāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāļīāļĄ 19.75% āđāļāđāļ 12.75% (āļĨāļāļĨāļ 35.44%) āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļĨāļāļāļĒāļąāļāļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļāļāļ§āļāļāļĩāđāļāđāļēāļĒāļŠāļēāļĒāļāļēāļāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļāļāđāļ§āļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļāļąāđāļāđāļĄāđāļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄ āļ āļēāļĒāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļļāļāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļāļāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđāđāļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄ āļāļģāļŦāļāļāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļĄāļēāļāļĢāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļķāļāļāļāļĢāļĄāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļąāļāļāđāļ§āļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĒāļāļēāļ āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāđāļāđāļ 55, 59 āđāļĨāļ° 60 āļāļļāļ/āļāļ/āļāļąāđāļ§āđāļĄāļ āļāļēāļĄāļĨāļģāļāļąāļ āļāļķāđāļāļāļĢāļāļāļēāļĄāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāđāļāđāļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāđāļāļāļļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāđāļāđ 648,000 āļāļēāļ/āļ§āļąāļThe packing efficiency of frozen tuna loin packing size 6 kg/pack of the case study company was lower than the target efficiency, which was 51 packs/person/hour based on expectations and perceived performance of 60 packs/person/hour. Considering several management tools, lower packing efficiency was due to 3 main causes: An uncorresponding number of workers to the production plan, different worker packing skills, and a bottleneck in packing weight verification at the end of packing line. In respect of this case study, the company could reduce the number of packing workers by one person without affecting the packing weight. When the standard packing time was set as 46.5 seconds/pack based on the performance of skilled workers and staff who have undergone training, the loss decreased by 35.44%, from 19.75% to 12.75% reduction. It was also found that a bottleneck at the end of packing line was a result of an inappropriate weighing range. After the improvements by recalculating a suitable number of workers, setting a standard packing time, providing training to staff and rearranging packing weights, the packing efficiency augmented to 55, 59 and 60 packs/person/hour respectively which reached the target efficiency and thus could reduce the production cost by 648,000 baht/day
Different rates of glycolysis affect glycolytic activities and protein properties in turkey breat muscle
Protein alterations of turkey breast muscles (Pectoralis major) were investigated at 20 min and 24 h post mortem. Specific activities, quantities and kinetic parameters of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and aldolase A were also determined at 20 min post mortem. Based on the pH values at 20 min post mortem, two groups of samples were classified as rapid glycolysis group (RG; pH20 min = 5.80 Âą 0.07, n = 20) and normal glycolysis group (NG; pH20 min = 6.21 Âą 0.01, n = 20). RG had lower specific activities of GAPDH and aldolase A than NG while Vm and Km values of both enzymes were not different between groups. RG showed lower high ionic strength (HIS) and pellet protein extractabilities at 20 min post mortem. It also had lower low ionic strength (LIS) and HIS protein extractabilities at 24 h post mortem. Besides pellet protein, muscular protein extractabilities at 24 h post mortem were higher than at 20 min post mortem. From SDS-PAGE of samples at 24 h post mortem, RG exhibited lower band intensities at 45 and 200 kDa, which were further identified as actin and myosin heavy chain (MHC), respectively. Western blots revealed that relative amounts of actin and MHC at 20 min post mortem were not different between groups. However, RG muscles had less relative amount of actin at 24 h post mortem. It also indicated that amounts of actin and MHC increased with regard to post mortem time
āļāļēāļĢāļĨāļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāļāļđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļ āļāļĢāļāļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļ āļĨāļąāļāļāļĩāđ āļĒāļđāđāļāļĩāļĒāļ āļāļđāđāļāļŠāđ āļāļģāļāļąāļOver Packing Weight Reduction of Frozen Imitation Crab Stick: Case Study of Lucky Union Foods Company Limited
āļāļēāļāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđāđāļāļ·āđāļāļĨāļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļīāļ (Over Packing Weight) āđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāļāļđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĻāļąāļĒāđāļāļāļāļīāļ DMAIC āļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒ āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāļāļđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļ āļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļ 500 āļāļĢāļąāļĄ/āđāļāđāļ āļĄāļĩāļāļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāļŠāļđāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļļāļ āļāļīāļāđāļāđāļ 30.07% āļāļāļāļāļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāļāļđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļāļāļąāđāļāļŦāļĄāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļīāļ āđāļāđāļēāļāļąāļ 1.86% āļŠāļđāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļēāđāļāđāļēāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļĩāđāļāļĢāļīāļĐāļąāļāļāļģāļŦāļāļ (1.50%) āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđāļāļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāđāļāļāļ āļđāļĄāļīāļŠāļēāđāļŦāļāļļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļĨāļāļ āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāļąāļāļāļąāļĒāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļĢāđāļ§āļŠāļāļĢāļđāđāļāļĨāļĩāļĒāļ§ āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļđāļāļāļāļāļ§āļēāļĨāđāļ§ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ Reprocess āļŠāđāļāļāļĨāļāđāļāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļīāļāđāļāļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāļāļđāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāđāļāđāđāļāđāļ āļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļ 500 āļāļĢāļąāļĄ/āđāļāđāļ āļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļĒāļŠāļģāļāļąāļ āļ āļēāļĒāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļ āļāļāļ§āđāļē āļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļāļļāđāļāļīāļāļĄāļĩāļāđāļē 1.70% (āļĨāļāļĨāļ 8.6%) āļāļĨāļīāļāļ āļąāļāļāđāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāđāļģāļŦāļāļąāļāđāļāļīāļāļāļīāļāļąāļāļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāļāđāļēāļāļāļāļĄāļĩāļāđāļēāļĨāļāļĨāļāļāļēāļ 56.54% āđāļāđāļ 27.80% (āļĨāļāļĨāļ 50.83%) āđāļĨāļ°āļāđāļē Cpk āļāļĩāđāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļķāđāļ āļŠāđāļāļāļĨāđāļŦāđāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāđāļāļāļļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļāļĨāļāđāļāđ 322,085 āļāļēāļ/āļāļĩThis research aimed to reduce an over packing weight related to the frozen imitation crab stick production process by applying DMAIC method. The results showed that, among the entire frozen imitation crab stick products, the 500 g package category yields the highest production, accounting for 30.7% of total production quantity. Meanwhile, its 1.86% excess weight was greater than the 1.50% target value set be company. The results obtained from a cause and effect diagram and a design of experiment revealed that factors significantly affecting overloading conditions of the 500 g package were screw speed, valve height and amount of reprocess. After the production process improvement, it was found that over packing weight reduced by 8.6% to 1.70%; amount of frozen imitation crab stick packing size of 500 g with upper specification limit decreased from 56.54% to 27.80% (50.83% reduction) and Cpk increased which could save a production cost for 322,085 Baht/year
Pretreatment enhanced the physical and antioxidant stability of dried
Cordyceps militaris has been treated as a functional food and supplementary food for several years. In recent studies, active components in Cordyceps militaris have received great attention and promoted health. Drying technology is a common method and it was applied to Cordyceps spp. many times for extending their shelf life and preserving their nutrients. A combination of pretreatment with drying technology could promote processing efficiency. The aim of this study is to study the effect of pretreatments (Soaking in 0.5% citric acid, boiling, steaming and desiccating) combined with drying method by vacuum dryer (VD) at 50, 60 and 70 °C on physical quality and antioxidant capacity in dried Cordyceps militaris. The result showed pretreatment by soaking in acid 0.5% citric acid, boiling and steaming took drying time more than those desiccating and untreated dried sample to desire the final moisture content (approximately 8% db.). Increasing of drying temperature in VD could reduce drying time. Desiccating prior to drying samples exhibited the highest L* value and the lowest of a* and b* values when compared with other pretreatments. High drying temperature tend to decrease L* value while a* and b* values are increasing. It was due to the occurring of browning reaction during drying process. Desiccating samples showed color value closest to fresh samples. These results were consistent with all photographs from digital camera. The glass transition temperature of all samples was about 39.43-45.82 °C and the highest value was found in the case of desiccating sample. Antioxidant properties, pretreatment by soaking in acid combined with drying at 70 °C by VD showed the highest content of phenolic compound, DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging activity. It was concluded that pretreatment could preserve important substances, for example, cordycepin and adenosine contents of Cordyceps militaris during drying