Distributed Dominating Sets on Grids

This paper presents a distributed algorithm for finding near optimal dominating sets on grids. The basis for this algorithm is an existing centralized algorithm that constructs dominating sets on grids. The size of the dominating set provided by this centralized algorithm is upper-bounded by $\lceil\frac{(m+2)(n+2)}{5}\rceil$ for $m\times n$ grids and its difference from the optimal domination number of the grid is upper-bounded by five. Both the centralized and distributed algorithms are generalized for the $k$-distance dominating set problem, where all grid vertices are within distance $k$ of the vertices in the dominating set.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted in ACC 201

An Empirical Investigation of Reputation Loan Size Dynamics in Rural Credit Markets in Honduras

This paper examines the role of two types of reputation - borrower credit history and productivity - in disequilibrium supply and demand models of loan size dynamics in formal and informal credit markets. Using panel data on Honduran households, full- and partialinformation regime switching econometric models yield four principal findings: (1) credit contracts in the formal sector are largely collateral driven and not reputation driven; (2) the informal sector credit contracts are borrower reputation based; (3) the informal sector utilizes positive/negative credit histories in both markets to credibly reward/punish borrowers; and (4) technical efficiency has a positive impact in determining loan size in both sectors on the demand and supply side of the market.

Viewpoints: The Value of Inter-Faith Dialogue

The purpose of inter-faith dialogue is evidently not to arrive at or achieve a common set of beliefs giving up for the sake of unity one\u27s own religion\u27s cherished doctrines. Its aim is not to accomplish a merger, as of two political parties or groups, nor to arrive at the lowest measure of agreement in religious beliefs. If the participants in a dialogue are only light half-believers in a casual creed who never deeply loved or deeply felt their dialogue will remain at only a superficial level. The paradox therefore in such meetings is that those who dialogue must be persons of deep conviction and personal commitment to their faith and yet are eager to keep their minds open to beliefs and traditions other than their own, ready to learn from them and to fill up gaps in their own religious experience and knowledge

Two generalizations of the PRV conjecture

Let G be a complex connected reductive group. The PRV conjecture, which was proved independently by S. Kumar and O. Mathieu in 1989, gives explicit irreducible submodules of the tensor product of two irreducible G-modules. This paper has three aims. First, we simplify the proof of the PRV conjecture, then we generalize it to other branching problems. Finally, we find other irreducible components of the tensor product of two irreducible G-modules that appear for "the same reason" as the PRV ones

Guidance to Transcription in Tamil Language with Reference to Tamil Grammar Texts

The mix of foreign words in Tamil is inevitable due to the mix of foreign languages, translation, globalization, scientific and technological development, new discoveries, and passion for English. Other scripts that are not in Tamil are used in some of the words, so they are mixed. When writing Northern language words, including Sanskrit in Classical Tamil, we used the phonetic letters s, j, sh, h, x, and sri, which are called Grantha letters. Later, when writing English and other words in Tamil, it became necessary to write with such letters for sounds that are not in Tamil. Apart from this, Tamil grammar texts have from time to time stated some instructions for transcribing in Tamil script in accordance with the Tamil phonetic system. This article seeks to summarise the grammar of Tamil grammar texts from Tolkappiyam to Tamilkaappu Iyam, published in 2005, and how their grammar is referred to as Northern Translation/Other Translation and their current use

Pay Me Later: Inside Debt and Its Role in Managerial Compensation

Inside debt, such as pensions and deferred compensation, constitutes a widely-used form of executive compensation, yet the the valuation and incentive effects of these instruments have been almost entirely overlooked by prior work. Our paper initiates this line of research. Among our findings are that pensions constitute a significant component of overall compensation; that CEO compensation in most firms exhibits a balance between debtand equity-based incentives, with the balance shifting systematically away from equity and toward debt as CEOs grow older; that CEOs with high debt-based incentives manage their firms conservatively to reduce default risk; and that pension plan compensation strongly influences patterns of CEO turnover and CEO cash compensation

Pay Me Later: Inside Debt and Its Role in Managerial Compensation

Many companies pay their executives using inside debt, such as pensions and deferred compensation. Though these instruments are widely used, their valuation and incentive effects for managers have been almost entirely overlooked by prior research. CEO compensation in most firms exhibits a balance between debt and equity based incentives, and the balance systematically shifts away from equity and toward debt as CEOs grow older. CEOs with high debt-based incentives manage their firms conservatively to reduce default risk. Pension plan compensation strongly influences patterns of CEO turnover and CEO cash compensation

Quantized Orbits and Resonant Transport

A tight binding representation of the kicked Harper model is used to obtain an integrable semiclassical Hamiltonian consisting of degenerate "quantized" orbits. New orbits appear when renormalized Harper parameters cross integer multiples of $\pi/2$. Commensurability relations between the orbit frequencies are shown to correlate with the emergence of accelerator modes in the classical phase space of the original kicked problem. The signature of this resonant transport is seen in both classical and quantum behavior. An important feature of our analysis is the emergence of a natural scaling relating classical and quantum couplings which is necessary for establishing correspondence.Comment: REVTEX document - 8 pages + 3 postscript figures. Submitted to Phys.Rev.Let