Four homobinuclear lanthanide complexes with 3-D coordination networks based on 3-methyloxysalicylaldoxime: syntheses, crystal structures, and properties

<div><p>Four new homobinuclear lanthanide(III) complexes of multidentate 3-methyloxysalicylaldoxime (MeOsaloxH₂), [Ln₂(MeOsaloxH)₄(PhCOO)₂(CH₃OH)₂] (Ln = Pr, <b>1</b>; Nd, <b>2</b>; Sm, <b>3</b>) and [Gd₂(MeOsaloxH)₄(CH₃COO)₂(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O (<b>4</b>), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In these complexes, the two Ln^III ions are bridged by two phenolate oxygens from two <i>η</i>¹ : <i>η</i>² : <i>η</i>¹ : <i>μ</i>₂-[MeOsaloxH]⁻ ligands and two carboxylate groups to form a [Ln₂O₂(RCOO)₂] binuclear structure (R = Ph, <b>1–3</b>; CH₃, <b>4</b>). The noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonds and weak C–H···O interactions) led to two types of 3-D supramolecular architectures. Magnetic and luminescence properties of these complexes have also been studied.</p></div

N-donor co-ligand-driven zinc coordination polymers based upon a bithiophene dicarboxylate: syntheses, structures, and luminescent properties

<div><p>Three zinc compounds assembled from a bithiophene dicarboxylic acid (H₂DMTDC) and different N-donor co-ligands, [Zn(DMTDC)(bpt)(H₂O)]_n (<b>1</b>), {[Zn(DMTDC)(5,5-dmbpy)]·0.5DMF·1.5H₂O}_n (<b>2</b>), and {[Zn(DMTDC)(1,3-bimb)]·2DMF·H₂O}_n (<b>3</b>) (H₂DMTDC = 3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-<i>b</i>]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, bpt = 4-amino-3,5-bis(4-pyridyl)1,2,4-triazole, 5,5′-dmbpy = 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl, 1,3-bimb = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene), were solvothermally synthesized and characterized. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> are 1-D linear and zigzag chains with different supramolecular structures. In <b>1</b>, adjacent chains form zipper-like structures through N–H⋯N interactions. In <b>2</b>, however, chains in adjacent layers are stacked in an unusual unparallel level through C–H⋯O interactions. Compound <b>3</b> features a highly corrugated 2-D (4,4) layer and the layers are penetrated by each other to give 3-D polycatenations. Right- and left-handed helical Zn-bimb chains are arranged alternately within and between the layers, leading to mesomeric property of the whole network. Thermal stability and the decomposed products of all compounds were investigated. Luminescent properties of the ligands and compounds in the solid state at room temperature have also been explored. Moreover, the luminescence intensities of the compounds in different solvents are largely dependent on the solvent.</p></div

Enhancing Proton Conductivity of Nafion Membrane by Incorporating Porous Tb-Metal–Organic Framework Modified with Nitro Groups

A rigid carboxylate ligand with a nitro functional group was selected to coordinate with Tb(III) cation, and Tb-MOF ({[Tb4(L)4(OH)4(H2O)3]·8H2O}n, H2L = 2-nitroterephthalic acid) with large porous and excellent hydrophilicity was obtained successfully. The obtained Tb-MOF was filled into the Nafion matrix to improve its proton conduction performance. The Tb-MOF/Nafion composite membrane was characterized by PXRD, IR, and thermogravimetry (TG) and for water uptake, area swelling, and proton conductivity. The activity energy, Ea, value of the composite membrane, which is a very important factor affecting the proton conduction performance of the membrane, was fitted and calculated. It was revealed that Tb-MOF can improve the proton conductivities of composite membranes, and the improvement degree and Ea value were both affected by Tb-MOF content. When Tb-MOF content was 5%, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane was 1.53 × 10–2 S·cm–1 at 100% RH and 80 °C, which is 1.81 times that of the pure Nafion membrane. A MOF containing a nitro functional group was first doped into Nafion in this study and exhibited excellent performance for improving composite membrane proton conductivity. This study will provide a valuable reference for designing different functionalized MOFs to promote the proton conductivities of proton exchange membranes

Family of Mixed 3d–4f Dimeric 14-Metallacrown‑5 Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties

An isomorphous family of mixed 3d–4f dodenuclear aggregates, {[Mn^III₈Ln₄(Clshi)₈(OAc)₆(μ₃-OCH₃)₂(μ₃-O)₂(CH₃OH)₁₂(H₂O)₂]·4CH₃OH·<i>x</i>H₂O)} (where Ln = Eu^III (<b>1</b>), Gd^III (<b>2</b>), Tb^III (<b>3</b>), and Dy^III (<b>4</b>); ClshiH₃ = 5-chlorosalicylhydroxamic acid; <i>x</i> = 5 for <b>1</b> and <b>3</b>; <i>x</i> = 6 for <b>2</b>; <i>x</i> = 2 for <b>4</b>), were synthesized and characterized. They were obtained from the reaction of ClshiH₃ with Mn­(OAc)₂·4H₂O and Ln­(NO₃)₃·6H₂O. These isomorphous mixed 3d–4f compounds represent a family of novel structures with lanthanide ions in the metallacrown (MC) ring. Each dodecanuclear aggregate contains two offset stacked 14-MC-5 units with M–N–O–M–N–O–Ln–O–N–M–O–N–M connectivity to capture one Ln^III ion in the core of each MC. Two 14-MC-5 units are connected through O ions with four Mn ions and six O atoms arranged in a double Mn₄O₆ cubane. Magnetic measurement indicates that antiferromagnetic interactions are present between the metal ions. The Dy^III analogue with high anisotropy and large spin shows slow magnetization relaxation at a direct-current field of 2 kOe

The disease severity index of pathogenicity test between wild-type strains and transformants.

<p>The disease severity index of pathogenicity test between wild-type strains and transformants.</p

Family of Mixed 3d–4f Dimeric 14-Metallacrown‑5 Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties

An isomorphous family of mixed 3d–4f dodenuclear aggregates, {[Mn^III₈Ln₄(Clshi)₈(OAc)₆(μ₃-OCH₃)₂(μ₃-O)₂(CH₃OH)₁₂(H₂O)₂]·4CH₃OH·<i>x</i>H₂O)} (where Ln = Eu^III (<b>1</b>), Gd^III (<b>2</b>), Tb^III (<b>3</b>), and Dy^III (<b>4</b>); ClshiH₃ = 5-chlorosalicylhydroxamic acid; <i>x</i> = 5 for <b>1</b> and <b>3</b>; <i>x</i> = 6 for <b>2</b>; <i>x</i> = 2 for <b>4</b>), were synthesized and characterized. They were obtained from the reaction of ClshiH₃ with Mn­(OAc)₂·4H₂O and Ln­(NO₃)₃·6H₂O. These isomorphous mixed 3d–4f compounds represent a family of novel structures with lanthanide ions in the metallacrown (MC) ring. Each dodecanuclear aggregate contains two offset stacked 14-MC-5 units with M–N–O–M–N–O–Ln–O–N–M–O–N–M connectivity to capture one Ln^III ion in the core of each MC. Two 14-MC-5 units are connected through O ions with four Mn ions and six O atoms arranged in a double Mn₄O₆ cubane. Magnetic measurement indicates that antiferromagnetic interactions are present between the metal ions. The Dy^III analogue with high anisotropy and large spin shows slow magnetization relaxation at a direct-current field of 2 kOe

Family of Mixed 3d–4f Dimeric 14-Metallacrown‑5 Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties

An isomorphous family of mixed 3d–4f dodenuclear aggregates, {[Mn^III₈Ln₄(Clshi)₈(OAc)₆(μ₃-OCH₃)₂(μ₃-O)₂(CH₃OH)₁₂(H₂O)₂]·4CH₃OH·<i>x</i>H₂O)} (where Ln = Eu^III (<b>1</b>), Gd^III (<b>2</b>), Tb^III (<b>3</b>), and Dy^III (<b>4</b>); ClshiH₃ = 5-chlorosalicylhydroxamic acid; <i>x</i> = 5 for <b>1</b> and <b>3</b>; <i>x</i> = 6 for <b>2</b>; <i>x</i> = 2 for <b>4</b>), were synthesized and characterized. They were obtained from the reaction of ClshiH₃ with Mn­(OAc)₂·4H₂O and Ln­(NO₃)₃·6H₂O. These isomorphous mixed 3d–4f compounds represent a family of novel structures with lanthanide ions in the metallacrown (MC) ring. Each dodecanuclear aggregate contains two offset stacked 14-MC-5 units with M–N–O–M–N–O–Ln–O–N–M–O–N–M connectivity to capture one Ln^III ion in the core of each MC. Two 14-MC-5 units are connected through O ions with four Mn ions and six O atoms arranged in a double Mn₄O₆ cubane. Magnetic measurement indicates that antiferromagnetic interactions are present between the metal ions. The Dy^III analogue with high anisotropy and large spin shows slow magnetization relaxation at a direct-current field of 2 kOe

Family of Mixed 3d–4f Dimeric 14-Metallacrown‑5 Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties

An isomorphous family of mixed 3d–4f dodenuclear aggregates, {[Mn^III₈Ln₄(Clshi)₈(OAc)₆(μ₃-OCH₃)₂(μ₃-O)₂(CH₃OH)₁₂(H₂O)₂]·4CH₃OH·<i>x</i>H₂O)} (where Ln = Eu^III (<b>1</b>), Gd^III (<b>2</b>), Tb^III (<b>3</b>), and Dy^III (<b>4</b>); ClshiH₃ = 5-chlorosalicylhydroxamic acid; <i>x</i> = 5 for <b>1</b> and <b>3</b>; <i>x</i> = 6 for <b>2</b>; <i>x</i> = 2 for <b>4</b>), were synthesized and characterized. They were obtained from the reaction of ClshiH₃ with Mn­(OAc)₂·4H₂O and Ln­(NO₃)₃·6H₂O. These isomorphous mixed 3d–4f compounds represent a family of novel structures with lanthanide ions in the metallacrown (MC) ring. Each dodecanuclear aggregate contains two offset stacked 14-MC-5 units with M–N–O–M–N–O–Ln–O–N–M–O–N–M connectivity to capture one Ln^III ion in the core of each MC. Two 14-MC-5 units are connected through O ions with four Mn ions and six O atoms arranged in a double Mn₄O₆ cubane. Magnetic measurement indicates that antiferromagnetic interactions are present between the metal ions. The Dy^III analogue with high anisotropy and large spin shows slow magnetization relaxation at a direct-current field of 2 kOe

Observation of <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> wild strains and their enhanced green fluorescent protein <i>(EGFP)</i> transformants.

<p>Colony growth (5-day-culture) of each strain. (a) stalk rot wild strain Fv-s, (b) Fv-eGFPs1, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-s, (c) Fv-eGFPs2, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-s, (d) Fv-eGFPs3, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-s, (e) ear rot wild strain Fv-e, (f) Fv-eGFPe1, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-e, (g) Fv-eGFPe2, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-e, (h) Fv-eGFPe3, an <i>EGFP</i> transformant of Fv-e.</p

Different degrees of enhanced green fluorescent protein <i>(EGFP)</i>-tagged <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> infection in stalks of maize.

<p>A) The highest infected internode under the natural light and blue light (Fv-eGFPe1); B) the internode above the ear under the natural light and blue light (Fv-eGFPs1); C) the internode below the ear under the natural light and blue light (Fv-eGFPe1); D and E) the below infected internode under blue light (Fv-eGFPs1).</p