Growth factor expression in RF-exposed hDPCs.

<p>All samples were isolated from human HF tissues from different individuals. Total RNA from DPCs was prepared after 1,763 MHz RF radiation at 10 W/kg SAR for 3 h. mRNA expression levels of VEGF, IGF-1, HGF, and TGF-β1 were measured by real-time PCR (A). Results are expressed as mean ± standard error (SE). Cells were lysed immediately after 1,763 MHz RF radiation at 10 W/kg SAR for 3 h and analyzed by Western blotting against BCL-2, BAX, pMAPK, MAPK and β-Actin (B).</p

Elongation of hair shaft induced by RF exposure in <i>ex vivo</i> hair organ culture.

<p>Dissected human scalp HFs were exposed to RF radiation for 1 h everyday with 10 W/kg SAR over a period of 7 days. Hair shafts were cultured <i>ex vivo</i> and elongation measured for the indicated periods (A). A total of 90 anagen HFs from three different volunteers (30 follicles per subject) were cultured (B). **P<0.01 versus non-irradiated control. Results are expressed as mean ± SE. Scale bar represents 1 mm.</p

IGF-1 expression in various conditions.

<p>hDPCs were exposed to RF radiation at an SAR of 10 W/kg for 1 h and mRNA expression levels of VEGF, IGF-1, HGF, and TGF-β1 were measured by real-time PCR (A). We also exposed hDPCs to 1,763 MHz RF radiation at 2 W/kg for 1 h to measure the induction of IGF-1 mRNA (B). Under the same conditions of RF exposure, we irradiated NIH3T3, C2C12, OSE-80PC, and HeLa cells and measured IGF-1 mRNA (C). The cell cycle distributions of sham and RF-exposed hDPCs were also measured by PI staining and FACS analysis (D). Analysis of cell cycle distribution showed no significant difference between two samples in three repetitive experiments. Results are expressed as mean ± SE. *P<0.05 versus non-irradiated control.</p