Additional file 1 of Unveilling genetic profiles and correlations of biofilm-associated genes, quorum sensing, and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a Malaysian Teaching Hospital

Additional file 1: Table S1. Source of S. aureus clinical isolates. Table S2. Nucleotide sequences of primers and thermal cycling conditions used in this study. Table S3. MIC range, MIC50 and MIC90 values of 112 S. aureus isolates against various classes of antibiotics. Figure S1. Agarose gel electrophoresis results for amplified biofilm associated gene fragments of S. aureus

Pathway analysis of B isolates against S isolates.

A) The up-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. B) The down-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. (TIF)</p

The regulation of metabolites across S, B, and R isolates.

A) The metabolites were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05, FC < -2) in R isolates against B and S isolates, however there were no significant difference between those metabolites in B and S isolates. B) The metabolites were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05, FC < -2) in B and R isolates against S, however, there were no significant difference between those metabolites in B and R isolates. C) The metabolites were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05, FC < -2) in R isolates against B and S isolates, and significantly downregulated (p < 0.05, FC < -2) in B isolates against S isolates.</p

Heat map and clustering presenting the significant metabolome profiles of the 12 individual (S, B, and R) <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> isolates based on identified metabolites.

The heat maps and clustering based on Euclidean distance were generated using MetaboAnalyst version 5. The metabolites regulation was significant with p <0.05 and fold change of 2 as a cutoff.</p

Pathway analysis of R isolates against B isolates.

A) The up-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. B) The down-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. (TIF)</p

PCA in two dimensions of 12 <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> isolates created using MPP.

12 S isolates (4 isolates x 3 triplicate = 12); dark green color squares, 12 B isolates (4 isolates x 3 triplicate = 12); blue color squares, and 12 R isolates (4 isolates x 3 triplicate = 12) red color squares. H. pylori isolates formed distinct clusters based on metabolites acquired in positive ionization mode using components 1 (71.87%) and 2 (12.2%).</p

Fold change of B and R compared to the parental S isolate.

Fold change of B and R compared to the parental S isolate.</p

Pathway analysis of R isolates against S isolates.

A) The up-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. B) The down-regulated metabolites which were mapped to the metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. (TIF)</p

The regulation of metabolites that correlate with bacterial survival and may constitute a potential antibiotic mechanism.

The regulation of metabolites that correlate with bacterial survival and may constitute a potential antibiotic mechanism.</p

The metabolic pathways analyzed with MetaboAnalyst 5.0 among up-regulated metabolites.

The metabolic pathways analyzed with MetaboAnalyst 5.0 among up-regulated metabolites.</p