Scalable and Low Power LDPC Decoder Design Using High Level Algorithmic Synthesis

This paper presents a scalable and low power low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder design for the next generation wireless handset SoC. The methodology is based on high level synthesis: PICO (program-in chip-out) tool was used to produce efficient RTL directly from a sequential untimed C algorithm. We propose two parallel LDPC decoder architectures: (1) per-layer decoding architecture with scalable parallelism, and (2) multi-layer pipelined decoding architecture to achieve higher throughput. Based on the PICO technology, we have implemented a two-layer pipelined decoder on a TSMC 65nm 0.9V 8-metal layer CMOS technology with a core area of 1.2 mm2. The maximum achievable throughput is 415 Mbps when operating at 400 MHz clock frequency and the estimated peak power consumption is 180 mW.NokiaNokia Siemens Networks (NSN)XilinxNational Science Foundatio

Lymphocyte apoptosis, macrophage function and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

INTRODUCTION: Increased lymphocyte apoptosis and defects in macrophage removal of apoptotic cells have been suggested to contribute to the development of SLE. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis, macrophage function as determined by the serum levels of neopterin …published_or_final_versio

Effects of exogenous spermidine on photosynthesis, xanthophyll cycle and endogenous polyamines in cucumber seedlings exposed to salinity

The effects of exogenous spermidine (Spd, 1 mmol·L-1) on photosynthetic characteristics, xanthophylls cycle components and endogenous polyamines levels were investigated in cucumber seedlings subjected to salt stress (75 mmol·L-1 NaCl). Chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate (PN) of cucumber seedlings showed a significant decrease under salinity but an increase with exogenous Spd application. Salt stress caused a remarkable decline in the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the actual efficiency of photosystem II (ФPSⅡ), where an increase was observed in the constitutive loss processes (ΦNO). Application of exogenous Spd significantly decreased ФNO and enhanced regulated non-photochemical energy loss (ФNPQ) in the salt-stressed plants. Spd treatment caused an increase in the size of xanthophyll cycle pool (VAZ) and further enhanced de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle (DEPS) under salt stress. These results suggest that exogenous Spd alleviated salt-mediated decline in photosynthetic efficiency through the enhanced involvement of the energy dissipation that is dependent on the xanthophyll cycle. In addition, foliar spray Spd significantly increased the free, bound and conjugated polyamines in the leaves of the salt stressed plants. Spd also increased the free putrescine (Put)/(Spd+Spm) ratio and decreased bound and conjugated Put/(Spd+Spm) under salinity. Thus, we conclude that Spd can alleviate salt-induced damage on cucumber seedlings by regulating the levels of endogenous polyamines, which was associated with an improvement in the photochemical efficiency of PSII of the salt stressed plants.Key words: Cucumber, endogenous polyamines, photosynthetic characteristics, salt stress, spermidine

Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of ten Gobiidae species in China based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis

To study the genetic and phylogenetic relationship of gobioid fishes in China, the representatives of 10 gobioid fishes from 2 subfamilies in China were examined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. We established 220 AFLP bands for 45 individuals from the 10 species, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 100%. The percentage of polymorphic loci within species ranged from 3.61 to 58.56%. Chaeturichthys stigmatias showed the greatest percentage of polymorphic loci (58.56%), the highest Nei’s genetic diversity (0.2421 ± 0.2190) and Shannon’s information index (0.3506 ± 0.3092), while Pterogobius zacalles showed the lowest percentage polymorphic loci (3.61%), the lowest Nei’s genetic diversity (0.0150 ± 0.0778) and lowest Shannon’s information index (0.0219 ± 0.1136). The topology of UPGMA tree showed that the individuals from the same species clustered together and the 10 species formed two major clades. One clade consisted Cryptocentrus filifer, P. zacalles, Tridentiger trigonocephalus, Chaeturichthys hexanema, C. stigmatias, Acanthogobius flavimanus and Synechogobius ommaturus, and the other clade consisted Odontamblyopus rubicundus, Trypauchen vagina and Ctenotrypauchen microcephalus. The results agreed with the traditional taxonomy of the morphological characters. AFLP fingerprints were successfully used to study the phylogenetic relationship of the gobioid fishes and it identified species origins of morphologically similar taxa.Key words: Phylogenetic, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), gobiidae, Amblyopinae, gobiinae

Vesseled Cultures; Figures of Diasporic Comforts

The Domestic sphere of the Chinese American home is a promising site where continuous identities and memories of routine name are at play. In the kitchen, engaging in rituals of food making - a natural home endeavor- fosters reconnection and reconciliation with a past identity long forgotten. Architectural extrapolation is then seen through means of practices like fermenting vegetables and observation of domestic rituals between the individuals and their surroundings - whether it be the orchestration of food (the process), the jar in which the vegetables and brine rest (the vessel), or the patterns of kitchen utilities being used (the environment). From defamiliarizing these built constructs, we aim to challenge the often independent and disconnected nature of pickling by focusing on reconstructing objects made for Chinese American diaspora. These objects will be constructed to reflect their emerging sensibilities, providing intrinsic comfort in the practices they dictate and serving as a living heirloom echoing forgotten identity

Mathematical analysis of SOFC based on co-ionic conducting electrolyte

2012-2013 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAccepted ManuscriptPublishe

Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in SLE

Background. A 19-year-old girl was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, based on findings of arthritis, malar rash, positive antinuclear antibody test and high levels of antibodies to double-stranded DNA. Two months after diagnosis, the patient presented with a sudden drop in blood hemoglobin level. Several days later, she developed bloody sputum, rapidly progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia. High-resolution CT showed diffuse alveolar infiltrates in both lung fields.Investigations. Physical examination, complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, urinalysis, 24-h urine protein excretion, fecal occult blood test, d-dimer test, acid hemolysis test, activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, direct and indirect Coombs tests, bone marrow smear, arterial blood gas, sputum smear and culture, and high-resolution CT scan of the chest.Diagnosis. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.Management. The patient did not respond to pulsed intravenous methylprednisolone (two courses of 500 mg per day for 3 days) and intravenous immunoglobulin (20 g per day for 5 days). The patient was referred to a specialist treatment center for allogenic transplantation using umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. She underwent transplantation with an infusion of 8 - 10 7 mesenchymal stem cells. After showing dramatic improvements in her clinical condition, oxygenation level, radiographic and hematological status, the patient was discharged from hospital approximately 5 weeks after undergoing transplantation. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited.postprin

BR-squared: a practical solution to the winner’s curse in genome-wide scans

The detrimental effects of the winner’s curse, including overestimation of the genetic effects of associated variants and underestimation of sufficient sample sizes for replication studies are well-recognized in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). These effects can be expected to worsen as the field moves from GWAS into whole genome sequencing. To date, few studies have reported statistical adjustments to the naive estimates, due to the lack of suitable statistical methods and computational tools. We have developed an efficient genome-wide non-parametric method that explicitly accounts for the threshold, ranking, and allele frequency effects in whole genome scans. Here, we implement the method to provide bias-reduced estimates via bootstrap re-sampling (BR-squared) for association studies of both disease status and quantitative traits, and we report the results of applying BR-squared to GWAS of psoriasis and HbA1c. We observed over 50% reduction in the genetic effect size estimation for many associated SNPs. This translates into a greater than fourfold increase in sample size requirements for successful replication studies, which in part explains some of the apparent failures in replicating the original signals. Our analysis suggests that adjusting for the winner’s curse is critical for interpreting findings from whole genome scans and planning replication and meta-GWAS studies, as well as in attempts to translate findings into the clinical setting