Spectator Arrival and Departure Traffic Mode and Influence Factors in Beijing Olympic Games Opening and Closing Ceremony

In the Olympic Games opening and closing ceremonies, participants\u27 arrival and departure transportation demand in small area and short period of time with high volume is a great challenge for transportation services. Analyzing the arrival and departure traffic mode is the basis of traffic organiziation. With the survey data collected from the opening and closing ceremonies, this study explores the traffic mode structure of spectators\u27 arrival and departure. This study compares the different mode structures of opening and closing ceremonies, reveals several factors, and analyzes their impacts on arrival and departure traffic mode choice, namely, management policy, traffic mode timeliness, transportation supply, media propagandize, and the origin of spectators. The study provides suggestions for proper traffic control, management policy isssue, and traffic organization of the Olympic Games and other big events

Evolution and Effect of Transportation Policy on Public Transit: Lessons from Beijing

The United Nations predicts that half the world’s population will live in cities by 2008. Thus, rapid urban sprawl, and especially its traffic congestion, is a global problem. Meeting mobility needs of urban dwellers is critical to sustaining growth and social stability, but many major cities struggle to do so. The evolving situation in Beijing, is examined, and the policy-making process in Beijing is analyzed to understand why transportation problems occur and are intractable and how they can be solved. A structure of policy making is proposed that includes four factors: institutional, travel behavior, ideals, and landmark events. The analysis includes a case study and comparison of transit service in Beijing and other cities, including results from the latest transit level-of-service rider survey in Beijing. It is concluded that an imbalance between transportation supply and demand is the primary cause of traffic congestion. The transportation problem must be solved from two sides: increasing supply and managing demand simultaneously. Public transit, paired with transportation demand management, is an effective approach for sustainable transportation but requires a range of policies

High Throughput Fabrication of Flexible Top-Driven Sensing Probe

In this work, considering the current status of conservative and complicated traditional thrombosis treatment methods, a kind of flexible intelligent probe (FIP) with a top-driven sensing strategy is proposed to realize the expected function of thrombosis accurate localization in a liquid flow environment. After throughput fabrication, we find that the FIP has excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Notable, our FIP with the principle of piezo-resistive sensing has a quasi-linear sensitivity (approx. 0.325 L per minute) to flow sensing in the low flow velocity range (0–1 L per minute). Via the well-designed magnetically driven method, our FIP has a maximum deflection output force of 443.264 mN, a maximum deflection angle of 43°, and a maximum axial force of 54.176 mN. We demonstrate that the FIP is capable of completing the specified command actions relatively accurately and has a good response to real-time sensing feedback performance, which has broad application prospects in thrombus localization detection

A Highly Sensitive, Ultra-Durable, Eco-Friendly Ionic Skin for Human Motion Monitoring

Ionic conductive hydrogels have shown great potential in areas such as wearable devices and electronic skins. Aiming at the sensitivity and biodegradability of the traditional flexible hydrogel electronic skin, this paper developed an ionic skin (S−iSkin) based on edible starch–sodium alginate (starch–SA), which can convert the external strain stimulus into a voltage signal without an external power supply. As an excellent ion conductive polymer, S−iSkin exhibited good stretchability, low hydrophilicity and outstanding electrochemical and sensing properties. Driven by sodium ions, the ion charge transfer resistance of S−iSkin is reduced by 4 times, the capacitance value is increased by 2 times and its conductivity is increased by 7 times. Additionally, S−iSkin has excellent sensitivity and linearity (R2 = 0.998), a long service life and good biocompatibility. Under the action of micro-stress, it can produce a voltage change ratio of 2.6 times, and its sensitivity is 52.04. The service life test showed that it can work stably for 2000 s and work more than 200 stress–voltage response cycles. These findings provide a foundation for the development of health monitoring systems and micro-stress sensing devices based on renewable biomass materials

La Charente

13 octobre 18851885/10/13 (A14,N5373)-1885/10/13.Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : PoitouCh

Iodoarene-Catalyzed Stereospecific Intramolecular sp³ C–H Amination: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights

A new strategy is reported for intramolecular sp³ C–H amination under mild reaction conditions using iodoarene as catalyst and <i>m</i>-CPBA as oxidant. This C–H functionalization involving iodine­(III) reagents generated in situ occurs readily at sterically hindered tertiary C–H bonds. DFT (M06-2X) calculations show that the preferred pathway involves an iodonium cation intermediate and proceeds via an energetically concerted transition state, through hydride transfer followed by the spontaneous C–N bond formation. This leads to the experimentally observed amination at a chiral center without loss of stereochemical information

Iodoarene-Catalyzed Stereospecific Intramolecular sp³ C–H Amination: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights

A new strategy is reported for intramolecular sp³ C–H amination under mild reaction conditions using iodoarene as catalyst and <i>m</i>-CPBA as oxidant. This C–H functionalization involving iodine­(III) reagents generated in situ occurs readily at sterically hindered tertiary C–H bonds. DFT (M06-2X) calculations show that the preferred pathway involves an iodonium cation intermediate and proceeds via an energetically concerted transition state, through hydride transfer followed by the spontaneous C–N bond formation. This leads to the experimentally observed amination at a chiral center without loss of stereochemical information