Research and Application of Access Control Technique in 3D Virtual Reality System OpenSim

Access control in 3-D virtual reality systems is a wide and still growing topic. A good access control model is a premise for data security, and makes the whole system play its functions reliably. We compare access control techniques in 3D system OpenSim with that of other virtual reality systems. By using a general extended scheme, we analyze the model and the rule of access control in OpenSim. In this scheme, we provide a method of expanding network services for special proposes. Meanwhile, it verifies the feasibility of developing OpenSim's services on the basis of data security

Quantum blockade and loop current induced by a single lattice defect in graphene nanoribbons

We investigate theoretically the electronic transport properties in narrow graphene ribbons with an adatom-induced defect. It is found that the lowest conductance step of a metallic graphene nanoribbon may develop a dip even down to zero at certain values of the Fermi energy due to the defect. Accompanying the occurrence of the conductance dip, a loop current develops around the defect. We show how the properties of the conductance dip depend on the parameters of the defect, such as the relative position and severity of the defect as well as the width and edges of the graphene ribbons. In particular, for metallic armchair-edges graphene nanoribbons, whether the conductance dip appears or not, they can be controlled by choosing the position of the single defect.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

The Effect of LncRNA H19/miR-194-5p Axis on the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Background/Aims: Since the combined actions of lncRNAs and miRNAs have been considered to be involved in the occurrence and development of various neoplasms, the main purpose of this study was to discover whether and how lncRNA H19 and miR-194 influenced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA). Methods: Totally 214 pairs of CRA and adjacent normal tissues were collected, and 5 human CRA cell lines (i.e. HCT116, HT-29, RKO SW280 and Lovo) were purchased. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was adopted to quantify the H19 and miR-194-5p expressions in cells and tissues. The expressions of FoxM1, E-cadherin, vimentin, N-cadherin were determined using western blot. On the side, si-H19, si-NC, miR-194-5p mimic, miR-194-5p inhibitor and negative control (NC) were transfected into CRA cell lines. Meanwhile, the invasive, migratory and proliferative conditions of the cells were assessed through transwell, wound healing and colony-forming experiments, with final verification of the relationship between H19 and miR-194-5p employing dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: Highly-expressed H19, lowly-expressed miR-194-5p, low-grade differentiation and lymph node metastasis appeared as the independent predictors of unfavorable prognosis in CRA patients’ (all P< 0.05). It indicated that FoxM1 expression displayed positive correlations with H19 expression, yet negative associations with miR-194-5p expression within CRA tissues (P< 0.05). In addition, transfection of H19-siRNA and miR-145-5p mimic triggered a conspicuous increase in E-cadherin expression, as well as an evidently down-regulation in vimentin and N-cadherin expressions within HT29 and RKO cells (P< 0.05). On the other hand, the invasive and migratory capacities of CRA cells were significantly hindered (P< 0.05). Moreover, the luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that H19 modified miR-194-5p expression through directly targeting at it (P< 0.05). Ultimately, FoxM1 could reverse the role of miR-194-5p in inhibiting invasion, migration and EMT of CRA cells (P< 0.05). Conclusion: LncRNA H19/miR-194/FoxM1 axis could serve as a profound target for the diagnosis and treatment of CRA

Spatio-Temporal Expression Profile of Stem Cell-Associated Gene LGR5 in the Intestine during Thyroid Hormone-Dependent Metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis

The intestinal epithelium undergoes constant self-renewal throughout adult life across vertebrates. This is accomplished through the proliferation and subsequent differentiation of the adult stem cells. This self-renewal system is established in the so-called postembryonic developmental period in mammals when endogenous thyroid hormone (T3) levels are high.The T3-dependent metamorphosis in anurans like Xenopus laevis resembles the mammalian postembryonic development and offers a unique opportunity to study how the adult stem cells are developed. The tadpole intestine is predominantly a monolayer of larval epithelial cells. During metamorphosis, the larval epithelial cells undergo apoptosis and, concurrently, adult epithelial stem/progenitor cells develop de novo, rapidly proliferate, and then differentiate to establish a trough-crest axis of the epithelial fold, resembling the crypt-villus axis in the adult mammalian intestine. The leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a well-established stem cell marker in the adult mouse intestinal crypt. Here we have cloned and analyzed the spatiotemporal expression profile of LGR5 gene during frog metamorphosis. We show that the two duplicated LGR5 genes in Xenopus laevis and the LGR5 gene in Xenopus tropicalis are highly homologous to the LGR5 in other vertebrates. The expression of LGR5 is induced in the limb, tail, and intestine by T3 during metamorphosis. More importantly, LGR5 mRNA is localized to the developing adult epithelial stem cells of the intestine.These results suggest that LGR5-expressing cells are the stem/progenitor cells of the adult intestine and that LGR5 plays a role in the development and/or maintenance of the adult intestinal stem cells during postembryonic development in vertebrates

Live birth after fresh embryo transfer vs elective embryo cryopreservation/frozen embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF (FreFro-PCOS): study protocol for a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients are at increased risk of pregnancy complications, which may impair pregnancy outcome. Transfer of fresh embryos after superovulation may lead to abnormal implantation and placentation and further increase risk for pregnancy loss and complications. Some preliminary data suggest that elective embryo cryopreservation followed by frozen–thawed embryo transfer into a hormonally primed endometrium could result in a higher clinical pregnancy rate than that achieved by fresh embryo transfer. METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial (1:1 treatment ratio of fresh vs. elective frozen embryo transfers).. A total of 1,180 infertile PCOS patients undergoing the first cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection will be enrolled and randomized into two parallel groups. Participants in group A will undergo fresh embryo transfer on day 3 after oocyte retrieval, and participants in group B will undergo elective embryo cryopreservation after oocyte retrieval and frozen–thawed embryo transfer in programmed cycles. The primary outcome is the live birth rate. Our study is powered at 80 to detect an absolute difference of 10 at the significance level of 0.01 based on a two-sided test. DISCUSSION: We hypothesize that elective embryo cryopreservation and frozen–thawed embryo transfer will reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications and increase the live birth rate in PCOS patients who need IVF to achieve pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0184152

Herbicidal Activities of Essential Oils from Pine, Nut Pine, Larch and Khingan Fir in Korea

ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to understand herbicidal activity of essential oils isolated from leaves of pine (Pinus densiflora), nut pine (Pinus koraiensis), larch (Larix kaempferi) and khingan fir (Abies nephrolepsis) in Korea. In a seed bioassay, essential oils of nut pine, larch and khingan fir inhibited the growth of rapeseed (Brassica napus) seedlings by 50% at 4,766, 1,865, 5,934 µg ml , respectively, however, that of pine did not show any herbicidal effect. In a green house experiment, fall panicum, Southern crabgrass, sorghum, barnyardgrass, quackgrass, black nightshade, Indian jointvetch, velvet leaf, and Japanese morningglory were controlled in 24 hours by the foliar application of 10% essential oils from pine, nut pine, larch and khingan fir. The treated plant parts showed burndown effect, however, new shoots appeared 3 days after treatment. Results of GC-MS analysis showed that essential oils from pine, nut pine, larch and khingan fir contained 16, 25, 25, and 16 compounds, respectively, with hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, and esters. The major compounds of the essential oils were 3-carene, bornyl acetate, camphene, limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene and β-phellandrene