1,474 research outputs found
Experimental implementation of fully controlled dephasing dynamics and synthetic spectral densities
Engineering, controlling, and simulating quantum dynamics is a strenuous
task. However, these techniques are crucial to develop quantum technologies,
preserve quantum properties, and engineer decoherence. Earlier results have
demonstrated reservoir engineering, construction of a quantum simulator for
Markovian open systems, and controlled transition from Markovian to
non-Markovian regime. Dephasing is an ubiquitous mechanism to degrade the
performance of quantum computers. However, a fully controllable all-purpose
quantum simulator for generic dephasing is still missing. Here we demonstrate
full experimental control of dephasing allowing us to implement arbitrary
decoherence dynamics of a qubit. As examples, we use a photon to simulate the
dynamics of a qubit coupled to an Ising chain in a transverse field and also
demonstrate a simulation of non-positive dynamical map. Our platform opens the
possibility to simulate dephasing of any physical system and study fundamental
questions on open quantum systems.Comment: V2: Added some text and new figur
Silicon RF NMR Biomolecular Sensor -Review (Invited Paper)
Abstract-This paper reviews our first miniature nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system originally reported in [1], [2], which, weighing only 2 kg, is 60 times lighter, 40 times smaller, yet 60 times more spin mass sensitive than a 120-kg state-ofthe-art commercial benchtop NMR system. The miniaturization was made possible by combining the physics of NMR with a high-performance CMOS radio-frequency integrated circuit. The system is aimed at sensing biomolecules such as cancer marker proteins, and represents a circuit designer's approach to pursue low-cost diagnostics in a portable platform. Our most recent development of even smaller NMR systems [3] will not be reviewed here, as it has yet to be exposed in full through a journal publication first
Advantage of quantum coherence in postselected metrology
In conventional measurement, to reach the greatest accuracy of parameter
estimation, all samples must be measured since each independent sample contains
the same quantum Fisher information. In postselected metrology, postselection
can concentrate the quantum Fisher information of the initial samples into a
tiny post-selected sub-ensemble. It has been proven that this quantum advantage
can not be realized in any classically commuting theory. In this work, we
present that the advantage of postselection in weak value amplification (WVA)
can not be achieved without quantum coherence. The quantum coherence of the
initial system is closely related to the preparation costs and measurement
costs in parameter estimation. With the increase of initial quantum coherence,
the joint values of preparation costs and measurement costs can be optimized to
smaller. Moreover, we derive an analytical tradeoff relation between the
preparation, measurement and the quantum coherence. We further experimentally
test the tradeoff relation in a linear optical setup. The experimental and
theoretical results are in good agreement and show that the quantum coherence
plays a key role in bounding the resource costs in the postselected metrology
process
Arp2/3 Complex Regulates Asymmetric Division and Cytokinesis in Mouse Oocytes
Mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation involves oocyte polarization and a unique asymmetric division, but until now, the underlying mechanisms have been poorly understood. Arp2/3 complex has been shown to regulate actin nucleation and is widely involved in a diverse range of processes such as cell locomotion, phagocytosis and the establishment of cell polarity. Whether Arp2/3 complex participates in oocyte polarization and asymmetric division is unknown. The present study investigated the expression and functions of Arp2/3 complex during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Immunofluorescent staining showed that the Arp2/3 complex was restricted to the cortex, with a thickened cap above the meiotic apparatus, and that this localization pattern was depended on actin. Disruption of Arp2/3 complex by a newly-found specific inhibitor CK666, as well as by Arpc2 and Arpc3 RNAi, resulted in a range of effects. These included the failure of asymmetric division, spindle migration, and the formation and completion of oocyte cytokinesis. The formation of the actin cap and cortical granule-free domain (CGFD) was also disrupted, which further confirmed the disruption of spindle migration. Our data suggest that the Arp2/3 complex probably regulates oocyte polarization through its effect on spindle migration, asymmetric division and cytokinesis during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation
Anatomical physiological and biochemical processes involved in grapevine rootstock drought tolerance
In order to explore the drought resistance mechanism of grape rootstocks, two grape rootstock species, '1103P' (a drought-tolerant rootstock) and '101-14M' (drought-sensitive), were treated with moderate water deficit (field capacity of 45-50 %). Throughout the experimental period, the leaves of '1103P' showed a higher stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content and photosynthetic rate (Pn) than '101-14M', indicating '1103P' was more resistant to tolerant than '101-14M'. We propose that '1103P' could prevent water loss from leaves under drought conditions based on the discoveries that '1103P' had higher leaf phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) content and leaf cuticular wax content, and smaller stomata aperture than those of '101-14M'. Additionally, the activities of H2O2-scavenging enzymes in leaves of '1103P' were higher than those of '101-14M' under drought conditions, indicating the lipid peroxidation induced by H2O2 of '1103P' was less serious than that of '101-14M'. Therefore, better water-saving and higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging abilities contributed together to stronger drought resistance of '1103P' than '101-14M'
Storage of multiple single-photon pulses emitted from a quantum dot in a solid-state quantum memory
Quantum repeaters are critical components for distributing entanglement over
long distances in presence of unavoidable optical losses during transmission.
Stimulated by Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller protocol, many improved quantum-repeater
protocols based on quantum memories have been proposed, which commonly focus on
the entanglement-distribution rate. Among these protocols, the elimination of
multi-photons (multi-photon-pairs) and the use of multimode quantum memory are
demonstrated to have the ability to greatly improve the
entanglement-distribution rate. Here, we demonstrate the storage of
deterministic single photons emitted from a quantum dot in a
polarization-maintaining solid-state quantum memory; in addition,
multi-temporal-mode memory with , and narrow single-photon pulses
is also demonstrated. Multi-photons are eliminated, and only one photon at most
is contained in each pulse. Moreover, the solid-state properties of both
sub-systems make this configuration more stable and easier to be scalable. Our
work will be helpful in the construction of efficient quantum repeaters based
on all-solid-state devicesComment: Published version, including supplementary materia
Experimental realization of high-fidelity teleportation via non-Markovian open quantum system
Open quantum systems and study of decoherence are important for our
fundamental understanding of quantum physical phenomena. For practical
purposes, there exists a large number of quantum protocols exploiting quantum
resources, e.g. entanglement, which allows to go beyond what is possible to
achieve by classical means. We combine concepts from open quantum systems and
quantum information science, and give a proof-of-principle experimental
demonstration -- with teleportation -- that it is possible to implement
efficiently a quantum protocol via non-Markovian open system. The results show
that, at the time of implementation of the protocol, it is not necessary to
have the quantum resource in the degree of freedom used for the basic protocol
-- as long as there exists some other degree of freedom, or environment of an
open system, which contains useful resources. The experiment is based on a pair
of photons, where their polarizations act as open system qubits and frequencies
as their environments -- while the path degree of freedom of one of the photons
represents the state of Alice's qubit to be teleported to Bob's polarization
qubit.Comment: v2: added more experimental results, minor text modification
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