916 research outputs found
Leveraging Vision Reconstruction Pipelines for Satellite Imagery
Reconstructing 3D geometry from satellite imagery is an important topic of
research. However, disparities exist between how this 3D reconstruction problem
is handled in the remote sensing context and how multi-view reconstruction
pipelines have been developed in the computer vision community. In this paper,
we explore whether state-of-the-art reconstruction pipelines from the vision
community can be applied to the satellite imagery. Along the way, we address
several challenges adapting vision-based structure from motion and multi-view
stereo methods. We show that vision pipelines can offer competitive speed and
accuracy in the satellite context.Comment: Project Page: https://kai-46.github.io/VisSat
Visual Chirality
How can we tell whether an image has been mirrored? While we understand the
geometry of mirror reflections very well, less has been said about how it
affects distributions of imagery at scale, despite widespread use for data
augmentation in computer vision. In this paper, we investigate how the
statistics of visual data are changed by reflection. We refer to these changes
as "visual chirality", after the concept of geometric chirality - the notion of
objects that are distinct from their mirror image. Our analysis of visual
chirality reveals surprising results, including low-level chiral signals
pervading imagery stemming from image processing in cameras, to the ability to
discover visual chirality in images of people and faces. Our work has
implications for data augmentation, self-supervised learning, and image
forensics.Comment: Published at CVPR 2020, Best Paper Nomination, Oral Presentation.
Project Page: https://linzhiqiu.github.io/papers/chirality
Evaluation of sputtered nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel–cobalt oxide on n-type silicon photoanodes for solar-driven O₂(g) evolution from water
Thin films of nickel oxide (NiO_x), cobalt oxide (CoO_x) and nickel–cobalt oxide (NiCoO_x) were sputtered onto n-Si(111) surfaces to produce a series of integrated, protected Si photoanodes that did not require deposition of a separate heterogeneous electrocatalyst for water oxidation. The p-type transparent conductive oxides (p-TCOs) acted as multi-functional transparent, antireflective, electrically conductive, chemically stable coatings that also were active electrocatalysts for the oxidation of water to O₂(g). Relative to the formal potential for water oxidation to O₂, E^(o′)(O₂/H₂O), under simulated Air Mass (AM)1.5 illumination the p-TCO-coated n-Si(111) photoanodes produced mutually similar open-circuit potentials of −270 ± 20 mV, but different photocurrent densities at E^(o′)(O₂/H₂O), of 28 ± 0.3 mA cm⁻² for NiO_x, 18 ± 0.3 mA cm⁻² for CoO_x and 24 ± 0.5 mA cm⁻² for NiCoO_x. The p-TCOs all provided protection from oxide growth for extended time periods, and produced stable photocurrent densities from n-Si in 1.0 M KOH(aq) (ACS grade) under potential control at E^(o′)(O₂/H₂O) for >400 h of continuous operation under 100 mW cm−2 of simulated AM1.5 illumination
Bilayer Quantum Hall Ferromagnet in a Periodic Potential
The bilayer quantum Hall system at a total filling of has long
resisted explanation in terms of a true counterflow superfluid, though many
experimental features can be seen to be "almost" that of a superfluid. It is
widely believed that quenched disorder is the root cause of this puzzle. Here
we model the nonperturbative effects of disorder by investigating the
bilayer in a strong periodic potential. Our model assumes that fermions are
gapped and real spins are fully polarized, and concentrates on the pseudospin
variable (the layer index), with the external potential coupling to the
topological (Pontryagin) density of the pseudospin. We find that as the
potential strength increases, there are ground state transitions in which the
topological content of the pseudospin configuration changes. These transitions
are generically weakly first-order, with a new quadratically dispersing mode
(in addition to the linearly dispersing Goldstone mode) sometimes becoming
nearly gapless near the transition. We show that this leads to strong
suppressions of both the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature and the
interlayer tunneling strength, which we treat perturbatively. We discuss how
these results might extend to the case of true disorder
Application of the Redox‐Transmetalation Procedure to Access Divalent Lanthanide and Alkaline‐Earth NHC Complexes**
Divalent lanthanide and alkaline-earth complexes supported by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been accessed by redox-transmetalation between air-stable NHC-AgI complexes and the corresponding metals. By using the small ligand 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (IMe), two series of isostructural complexes were obtained: the tetra-NHC complexes [LnI2(IMe)4] (Ln=Eu and Sm) and the bis-NHC complexes [MI(IMe)(THF)] (M=Yb, Ca and Sr). In the former, distortions in the NHC coordination were found to originate from intermolecular repulsions in the solid state. Application of the redox-transmetalation strategy with the bulkier 1,3-dimesitylimidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) ligand yielded [SrI(IMes)(THF)], while using a similar procedure with Ca metal led to [CaI(THF)] and uncoordinated IMes. DFT calculations were performed to rationalise the selective formation of the bis-NHC adduct in [SrI(IMe)(THF)] and the tetra-NHC adduct in [SmI(IMe)]. Since the results in the gas phase point towards preferential formation of the tetra-NHC complexes for both metal centres, the differences between both arrangements are a result of solid-state effects such as slightly different packing forces
Accidental Light Probes
Recovering lighting in a scene from a single image is a fundamental problem
in computer vision. While a mirror ball light probe can capture omnidirectional
lighting, light probes are generally unavailable in everyday images. In this
work, we study recovering lighting from accidental light probes (ALPs) --
common, shiny objects like Coke cans, which often accidentally appear in daily
scenes. We propose a physically-based approach to model ALPs and estimate
lighting from their appearances in single images. The main idea is to model the
appearance of ALPs by photogrammetrically principled shading and to invert this
process via differentiable rendering to recover incidental illumination. We
demonstrate that we can put an ALP into a scene to allow high-fidelity lighting
estimation. Our model can also recover lighting for existing images that happen
to contain an ALP.Comment: CVPR2023. Project website: https://kovenyu.com/ALP
Systematic and statistical uncertainty evaluation of the HfF electron electric dipole moment experiment
We have completed a new precision measurement of the electron's electric
dipole moment using trapped HfF in rotating bias fields. We report on the
accuracy evaluation of this measurement, describing the mechanisms behind our
systematic shifts. Our systematic uncertainty is reduced by a factor of 30
compared to the first generation of this measurement. Our combined statistical
and systematic accuracy is improved by a factor of 2 relative to any previous
measurement
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