Impact of Long Dry Season on Bean Characteristics of Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora)

Bean characteristics in Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) should be taken into considerations in coffee breeding. Beside genetic factor, environment has been known as an important factor in the formation and change of composition of bean characteristics. This research aimed to find out the effect of long dry season on changes of bean characteristics. The population observed consisted of 277 genotypes originated from reciprocal crossings of three parental namely BP 409, BP 961 and Q 121. Observation was conducted in Kaliwining Experimental Garden of ICCRI in Jember, East Java during two years with different drought intensity i.e. 2005—2006 and 2006—2007 production years. The result showed that long dry season decreased the range value of population of normal beans, pea beans and triage beans, and followed by decreasing in the mean value except for normal beans. Long dry season also influence the change of value range of empty bean to higher proportion, and followed by increasing in the mean value. Distribution pattern of normal beans tend in to remain at high proportion, in contrast to those of pea and triage beans. In other side, long dry season tended to change distribution pattern of empty beans to at high proportion. Correlation analysis among beans characteristics showed that normal beans had negative correlations with pea beans and empty beans. Pea beans had a positive correlation with empty beans. Long dry season decreased proportion of pea bean and triage bean, in contrast to those of empty beans. Increasing proportion of empty bean was caused by failure of growth to normal bean under stress condition

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Determining Vegetative Growth Traits in Coffea Canephor

Recently the use of molecular markers has been successfully applied for some crops. For coffee, new opportunities have been opened since Nestlé R&D Centre in collaboration with ICCRI completed the first genetic map of Coffea canephora. This study was aimed both to evaluate the phenotypic trait and also to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the vegetative growth in Robusta coffee. Present study used three C. canephora populations and six genetic maps developed based on these populations using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. A total of 17 different quantitative data were used for the detection of QTLs on each of three populations. Present result showed that most of these traits were not heritable. The nine vegetative traits have been identified and distributed over seven different linkage groups. Due to some QTLs determining one given trait were overlapping on the same linkage group and were coming from the same favourable parent, a total of 19 QTLs detected for vegetative traits might finally be considered as only 12 QTLs involved. However, only two of them were shared for different traits. One involved for the number/length of primary branches and width of the canopy while the other for length of internodes and width of canopy. These two QTLs might determine the size of the tree canopy in this species

Analysis of Cutting Growth Characteristics in Robusta Coffee(Coffea Canephora Pierre.)

Development of Robusta coffee clones needs special characteristics for rootstock. This research was aimed to study the characteristics of cutting growth of Robusta coffee as influenced by genetic factor. The research was conducted at Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute using 269 progenies originated from reciprocal crossing populations among three parentals, namely BP 409, BP 961, and Q 121. BP 308 an easy cutting-propagated genotype was used as control. The research was arranged in three replications of randomized completely block design with 10 cuttings per replication. Each cutting was single planted in plastic polybag of 15 cm x 25 cm without any growth-regulator treatment. Cluster analysis procedure showed root growth characteristics which could be divided into three groups namely easy (85.3%, 3.82 and 6.68 cm), moderate (57.6%, 1.73 and 4.01 cm) and difficult (25.1%, 0.58 dan 1.44 cm) based on proportion of rooted cuttings, number of primary root and length of root, respectively. On the other side, growth of sprout showed good homogenous characteristic, mainly indicated by proportion of sprouted cuttings which generally achieved up to 98% in average. Study on shoot-root ratio of cuttings resulted in two groups of progenies, namely the first which tended to be dominant on sprout growth and the second which tended to balance their root and sprout growth. Based on proportion of sprouted cuttings which almost achieved up to 100% and various proportion of rooted cutting, it could be indicated that growth of cuttings was started and dominated by the growth of sprout

Variation of Potential Yield of Hybrid Population of Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canepor

The low yield of Robusta coffee in Indonesia may be due to the use of planting materials derived from seeds. The research objective was to determine the variation of Robusta coffee yield wich local propagated by using seeds. The study was conducted in Kaliwining experimental Station of ICCRI (Indonesian Coffee andCocoa Research Institute). There were two populations observed. Number of progeny used in this study were 186 genotypes consisting of two groups from crossesBP 409 x Q 121 with 89 progenies and BP 961 x BP 409 with 81 progenies. The results showed that planting materials from seeds exhibit properties mixed results.Progeny that have the best results (yield more than 2 ton/ha) not more than 5% of the total population. In both populations there is a big difference between the progenythat has high and low yield. Highest yield B population could reach 2,500 kg/ha and the C population reached 2,200 kg/ha. The lowest yield can only produce coffee270 kg/ha in populations B and 120 kg/ha in population C